初中英語典型錯(cuò)誤100例(9)

81. 她快快地吃完早餐就去上班了。

誤：She had quick breakfast and went to work.

正：She had a quick breakfast and went to work.

析：若 breakfast若受到形容詞的修飾，表示某頓具有某種特征的早餐時(shí)，則其前要用不定冠詞。注：lunch, supper也具有類似用法特點(diǎn)。

82. 你至少要換兩次車。

誤：You'd have to change bus at least twice.

正：You'd have to change buses at least twice.

析：change buses(轉(zhuǎn)車)中的 buses 總是用復(fù)數(shù)，因?yàn)榧纫�下一輛車，又要上另一輛車。比較：change trains(轉(zhuǎn)車)，change seats(交換座位)等。

83. 同學(xué)們正忙于復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備考試。

誤：The students are busy to study for her exams.

正：The students are busy studying for her exams.

析：要表示“忙于做某事”，be busy 后可要接doing sth，不能接to do sth。不過，有時(shí)也接 in doing sth。如：He was busying (in) writing a report. 他正忙于寫一個(gè)報(bào)告。

84. 這房子我已買了十年。

誤：I have bought this house for ten years.

正：I bought this house ten years ago.

正：I have had this house for ten years.

正：It's ten years since I bought this house.

析：buy 是終止性動(dòng)詞，因此在肯定句中不能與一段時(shí)間連用。遇此情況，應(yīng)改用其他相應(yīng)句式。

85. 這個(gè)東西用英語怎么說?

誤：How do you call this in English?

正：What do you call this in English?

正：How do you say this in English?

析：What do you call… 與How do you say… 意思相同，但搭配不同，即：call 與 what 搭配，say 與 how 搭配，兩者不可混在一起。

86. 我們信任我們的老板。

誤：We believe our boss.

正：We believe in our boss.(www.hz123456.com)

析：believe sb 指“相信某人說的話”，believe in sb指“相信某人的為人”或“信任某人”。又如：I can believe him, but I can not believe in him. 我相信他說的話是真的，但是不相信他的為人。

87. 鈴還沒響，同學(xué)們就走了出去。

誤：The students went out before the bell didn’t ring.

正：The students went out before the bell rang.

析：before 表示“在……之前”，before the bell rang指的就是“在鈴響之前”，既然是鈴響之前，當(dāng)然就是鈴還沒響。也就是說漢語的否定意味已包含在 before 當(dāng)中，所以該從句不再用否定式。

88. 他可能已經(jīng)把這情況告訴她了。

誤：He could tell her about the matter.

誤：He can have told her about the matter.

正：He could have told her about the matter.

析：要表示對(duì)過去可能已發(fā)生動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測，英語不能用“could + 動(dòng)詞原形”，而要用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成式”的形式。由于 can 表示推測不用于肯定句中，所以上面第二句是錯(cuò)的。

89. 你必須好好照看這些小植物。

誤：You must take a good care of these little plants.

誤：You must take good cares of these little plants.

正：You must take good care of these little plants.

析：care 用作名詞表示“注意”“小心”“關(guān)心”等義時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，既不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能在其前使用不定冠詞。

89. 老師進(jìn)來時(shí)撞見幾個(gè)男孩子在抽煙。

誤：The teacher caught some boys to smoke when he entered.

正：The teacher caught some boys smoking when he entered.

析：表示意外地碰上某人在做某事，英語習(xí)慣上要用 catch sb doing sth，而不能用 catch sb to do sth。

90. 因?yàn)榍萘鞲械脑�因，現(xiàn)在的雞價(jià)很便宜。

誤：Hens are selling at a cheap price because of the bird flu.

正：Hens are selling at a low price because of the bird flu.

正：Hens are selling cheap because of the bird flu. (http://ask.yygrammar.com/)

析：cheap 表示“便宜的”“價(jià)廉的”，一般用來修飾具體的東西，而不宜修飾像價(jià)格(price)，工資(salary / wages)這類較為抽象的概念。要表示價(jià)格低，可用low修飾要表示賣得便宜，除可用 sell at a low price 外，也可用 sell cheap, sell cheaply 等。