期期有驚喜，年年猜中題（04）

作者：《第二課堂》編輯部

來源：《第二課堂(高中版)》 2014年02期

同學們還記得《〈第二課堂〉一篇文章碰中7道高考題》那篇文章嗎？還記得本刊一年前曾連載七期的《對不起，高考題，我與你太相像了》嗎？本刊所發表文章中又有N道題與2013年的高考英語題不是相像，而是“一模一樣”！不信？請看下面的實例——事實勝于雄辯！本刊一篇2006年發表的文章，竟然與2013年高考英語山東卷的一道考題完全吻合，這不僅僅是“巧合”吧，要不然，你從其他刊物上也找找，看看有沒有這么巧的“巧合”？

■高考真題

▲2013年高考英語浙江卷第3題（答案為D）：

I ______ myself more —it was a perfect day. (2013浙江卷)

A. shouldn’t have enjoyed               B. needn’t have enjoyed  

C. wouldn’t have enjoyed                D. couldn’t have enjoyed

■本刊例句

▲由周貞雄老師發表于2009 年第 1 期《第二課堂》的《“could+have+過去分詞”的十種用法》例句：

I couldn’t have enjoyed myself more—it was a perfect day.

我玩得沒法再痛快了——這一天簡直痛快極了。

■對比結果

很顯然，若將2013年高考英語浙江卷第3題的正確選項填入句中，則與本刊中的例句100%相同（注意不是99.99%相同）！

■用法補充

“could+have+過去分詞”的用法比較復雜，但歸納起來，重要的有五種：

1. 表示“（過去）可能……”“可能已經……”

We knew he couldn’t have paid for it, because he had no money. 我們知道不可能是他付了這筆錢，因為他沒錢。

Our blood ran cold at the thought of how easily we could have been killed. 一想到我們當時很容易就會被殺掉，我們就嚇得渾身冰涼。

2. 表示“本來可能……”

It’s difficult enough, but it could have been worse. 這事情夠困難的了，但本來可能會更糟的呢。

3. 表示“本來可以……”

She could have made the sandwich herself; her mum needn’t have bothered to do anything. 她本來可以自己做三明治的；她媽媽原本不必費心做任何事情。

4. 表示“本來應該……”

You could have fetched me from the airport and saved me the inconvenience of having to take the bus! 你本來應該去機場接我，省得我坐公共汽車這么不方便！

5. 表示“本來想……”

I could have given you some hints, but I suppose you thought yourself too grand. 我本想給你點提示的，但是我認為你太自負了。

■原創模擬

以下原創考題均涉及“could+完成式”（答案均為B）：

1. I ______ the game but decided to let her win.

A. could win        B. could have won                          

C. must win         D. must have won

2. His hand brushed against hers; it ______ either accidental or deliberate.

A. could be          B. could have been                         

C. need be           D. need have been

3. In the example mentioned above, either method of construction ______ used.

A. could be used  B. could have been used

C. can be used   D. can have been used

4. You ______ me—why did you just sit and watch?

A. could help       B. could have helped

C. may help         D. may have helped

5. —She stood in a queue to get an underground ticket.

—But she needn’t have stood in a queue. She ______ a ticket from the machine.

A. could get         B. could have got

C. will get             D. will have got