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關閉窗口 6. which/whom作介詞的賓語時，可以代替為that嗎？可以省略嗎？介詞與which/whom，靠得緊則不能換不能省，靠得不緊則能換能省。詳細地說，①介詞與which/whom在一起時，which/whom既不能替換為that/who也不能省略。②介詞與which/whom分開時（介詞置于句尾），which/whom既可以替換為that/who也可以省略。
This is the pen which/that/∅ I wrote the letter with.
This is the hero whom/who/that/∅ we are proud of.
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本文小結：定語從句的引導詞that的代替與省略。因為引導詞對先行詞的復指（重復指定），所以，定語從句的引導詞有時可以代替或省略。一般地，若不產生歧義，那么可以代替或省略。最常見的考點是：that/who(m)/which的代替和對比，that/who(m)/which作在從句中作賓語時可以省略。 |
分組對比練習
題組25（that/which/who(m)引導定語從句）
第1—3題考查“先行詞是指物的不定代詞時，如何選擇引導詞？”，第4—5題考查“引導詞在定語從句中作指人表語時，如何選擇引導詞？”，第6—7考查其它必須用that的情況。
1. I refuse to accept the blame for something ____ was someone else’s fault. (2010,全國II) that
A. who B. that C. as D. what
句意：我拒絕接受由于別人的過錯而導致的對我的責備。
分析：先行詞是指物的不定代詞時，關系代詞用that。sth that。選B。
2. The thought of going back home was____kept him happy while he was working abroad.(上海高考題)
A. that B. all that C. all what D. which all that。選B。
3. Please send us all the information ____ you have about the candidate for the position. （2014,陜西）
A. that B. which C. as D. what
句意：請把你擁有的關于這個職位的候選人的所有信息發給我們。
分析：先行詞是all the information，用that，即，all…that。選A。
4. Her sister has become a lawyer,_____ she wanted to be. （2005,湖北）
A. who B. that C. what D. which
分析：①引導詞在定語從句中作表語時用which指人。②who(m)不能在定從中作表語。選D。
5. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.（2012，北京） A. that B. which C. where D. when
分析：引導詞在定語從句中作表語時用which指人。選B。
6. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving in an area____interact with one another.(2013.上海)
A.that B.where C.who D.what
分析：先行詞是the living and nonliving，既有人又有物，用that。選A。
7. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ____ life has developed gradually.（2010,福建）（陷阱題） A. that B. where C. which D. whose
分析：先行詞被強勢指定時，關系代詞用that（但是關系副詞不在此限）。本題應該用the only… where。選B。
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