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關(guān)閉窗口 涉及插入成分的易錯(cuò)題分析
這里所說(shuō)的插入成分指的是在一個(gè)正常的句子中，置入一個(gè)其他成分，或?qū)⒛承┏煞謴恼Ｎ恢谜{(diào)入一個(gè)在同學(xué)們看來(lái)屬“非正常”的位置(如賓語(yǔ)從句前置等)，則很有可能給同學(xué)們的理解帶來(lái)困難（尤其是閱讀能力不是很好的同學(xué)會(huì)更感困難）。請(qǐng)看：
1. His sister, as far as I know, ______ like to play music.
A. seems B. appears C. feels D. does
解析：答案選D，但A、B、C均可能被誤選。as far as I know為插入語(yǔ)，去掉插入語(yǔ)后，我們可以判定like為動(dòng)詞，seem，appear和feel與動(dòng)詞like連用時(shí)中間要加to, 故排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。此處選D，第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用does表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，題干意思為“據(jù)我所知，他姐姐確實(shí)喜歡演奏音樂(lè)”。
2. John plays football ______, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
解析：答案選B。此句的正常結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的：John plays football as well as David, if he doesn’t play football better than David. 由于命題者將其后的狀語(yǔ)從句移至句中，且將其省略成 if not better than，不少學(xué)生(尤其是一些閱讀能力較差的學(xué)生)對(duì)這個(gè)句子的分析感到無(wú)從下手，從而導(dǎo)致誤選。
3.—How long do you suppose it is______ he arrived here?
—About half an hour.
A. when B. before C. after D. since
解析：答案選D，但容易誤選A。把do you suppose看作插入語(yǔ)，去掉后觀察主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以看出從句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主語(yǔ)用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以只能用since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。題干意思為“你認(rèn)為他來(lái)到這里有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？”
4. A news report is usually short, except when it is about something very important, ______ it contains a lot of information.
A. and B. but C. then D. so
解析：答案選B，但容易選A或D。句中插入成分except when it is about something very important很容易干擾同學(xué)們的分析思路。去掉這部分，句意就非常明白了，前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用并列連詞but。題干主干結(jié)構(gòu)的意思為“新聞報(bào)道很短，但卻包含了很多的信息”。
5. Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown.
A. took B. had been taken
C. had had been taken D. had taken
解析：答案選C，但容易誤選B或D。句中的he had是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾everything。去掉后可以看出主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，題干意思為“在他回到家鄉(xiāng)之前，他擁有的一切東西都被人剝奪了”，因主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作之前，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。
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