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分詞作狀語的理解技巧
作者：劉 亞（湖南）
來源：《第二課堂（高中版）》，2006年第04期（第24-26頁)
可以肯定地說，分詞的狀語用法是所有分詞用法中最重要的，也是最難掌握的。歷年的高考英語考題也說明，分詞作狀語的用法是所有分詞用法中最常考的。因此，本文擬對分詞作狀語的用法作一小結和分析，同時歸納一些行之有效的做題方法和理解技巧，以幫助同學們掌握其用法。
一、用作時間狀語
1. 典型例句
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 見到貓，老鼠就跑了。
The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。
2. 理解技巧
分詞(短語)用作時間狀語通常可轉換成時間狀語從句(引導時間狀語的從屬連詞需根據句意來確定)，如上面兩句也可轉換成：
When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.
After the work was finished, he went home.
3. 高考實例
When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (浙江卷)
A. compared B. being compared
C. comparing D. having compared
【分析】此題答案選C，分詞短語when comparing different cultures相當于時間狀語從句when we compare different cultures。
二、用作原因狀語
1. 典型例句
Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身體虛弱而不能行動。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的車壞了，所以只好走路。
Much discouraged, she moved on to
2. 理解技巧
分詞(短語)用作原因狀語通常可轉換成由as, because, since, now that 等引導的原因狀語從句，如上面三句也可轉換成：
As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.
Because his car broken was down, he had to walk.
Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to
3. 高考實例
(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川卷)
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
【分析】答案選A。現在分詞短語faced with so much trouble可轉換成原因狀語從句because we were faced with so much trouble。
(2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network,
A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed
【分析】答案選B。現在分詞短語blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可轉換成原因狀語從句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。
三、用作條件狀語
1. 典型例句
Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。
Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它們加起來，我們就可以得到答案。
United, we stand; divided, we fall. 團結則存，分裂則亡。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多給點時間，我們可以做得更好。
2. 理解技巧
分詞(短語)用作條件狀語通常可轉換成由從屬連詞if引導的條件狀語從句，如上面幾句也可轉換成：
If you work hard, you will succeed.
If we add them all up, we can find the answer.
If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.
If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.
3. 高考實例
______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (北京春)
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
【分析】答案選D。give 與其邏輯主語 he 是動賓關系，用過去分詞，故選 D。分詞短語 Given time 可轉換成條件狀語從順 If he is given time。
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