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五、混淆關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
有的同學(xué)一看到先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的名詞，就認(rèn)為一定要用關(guān)系副詞，其實(shí)也一定。在此情況下，還要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是用作什么成分，若是用作狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞，若不是用作狀語(yǔ)(如用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等)則不能用關(guān)系副詞，而用關(guān)系代詞。比較：
This is the factory where I want to work. 這就是我想工作的工廠。(work為不及物動(dòng)詞where在從句中用作狀語(yǔ))
This is the factory that I want to visit. 這就是我想?yún)⒂^的工廠。(visit為及物動(dòng)詞，that用作visit的賓語(yǔ))
The reason why he can’t come is that he is ill. 他沒(méi)來(lái)的是因?yàn)樗×恕?/FONT>(come為不及物動(dòng)詞，why在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ))
The reason that he put forth is very important. 他提出的理由很重要。(put forth為及物動(dòng)詞，that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作其賓語(yǔ))
六、因逗號(hào)誤判which
有的同學(xué)一看見(jiàn)逗號(hào)，就以為一定要選which而不選that，但問(wèn)題是有時(shí)根本就不是定語(yǔ)從句：
(1) If a book is in English, _____ means slow progress for you.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
(2) When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating. (D19/541)
A. as B. which C. what D. that
【分析】以上兩題均應(yīng)選that，而不能選which，因?yàn)樗鼈兏静皇嵌ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。之所以選that，是因?yàn)榫渲幸延?/FONT>if和when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后為主句，that為主句主語(yǔ)。
七、混淆which與whose
兩者在定語(yǔ)從句中都可用作定語(yǔ)，區(qū)別是：whose 的意思相當(dāng)于 one’s，而 which 的意思則相當(dāng)于 that 或 this。比較：
(1) This is Mary, whose [= and her] father we met last week.
(2) Call again at 11, by which time [= and by that time] the meeting should be over.
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