介詞to后接動名詞的27個(gè)常考結(jié)構(gòu)

作者：周國廣（湖南）

來源：《第二課堂（高中版）》，2005年第07期（pp32-33)

由于to既可用作介詞，也可用作不定式符號，所以許多學(xué)生在其后接動詞時(shí)，弄不清到底該用動詞原形，還是用動名詞。本文根據(jù)新課標(biāo)詞匯(比考試大綱詞匯范圍稍廣)對這類結(jié)構(gòu)作了一次系統(tǒng)歸納，總結(jié)出介詞to后接動名詞的常考結(jié)構(gòu)27個(gè)，并根據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，分為以下四類：

一、動詞+介詞to+動名詞

1. admit to doing sth 承認(rèn)做了某事

2. apply to doing sth 適用于做某事

3. object to doing sth 反對做某事

4. see to doing sth 負(fù)責(zé)做某事

5. stick to doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事

6. take to doing sth 喜歡上做某事，逐漸習(xí)慣做某事

應(yīng)用實(shí)例：

He admitted having stolen the money. 他承認(rèn)偷了錢。

These methods apply to learning English. 這些方法適用于英語學(xué)習(xí)。

He objected to being treated like a child. 他反對被當(dāng)作小孩子看待。

Reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 記者應(yīng)堅(jiān)持調(diào)查事實(shí)。

Soon he took to sleeping late. 不久他就養(yǎng)成了睡懶覺的習(xí)慣。

二、動詞+賓語+介詞to+動名詞

7. apply oneself to doing sth 專心致力于做某事

8. devote sth to doing sth 把……獻(xiàn)給做某事

9. devote oneself to doing sth 獻(xiàn)身于做某事

10. limit sth to doing sth 把…限制在做某事的范圍內(nèi)

11. reduce sb to doing sth 使某人淪為做某事

12. give one’s life to doing sth 獻(xiàn)身于做某事

13. give one’s mind to doing sth 專心做某事

14. have a dislike to doing sth 厭惡做某事

15. have an eye to doing sth 注意做某事

16. have an objection to doing sth 反對(反感)做某事

17. pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事

18. set one’s mind to doing sth 決心做某事

應(yīng)用實(shí)例：

She applied herself to learning English. 她專心學(xué)習(xí)英語。

Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饑餓使他們淪落為盜賊。

She devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于幫助窮人。

I have a strong dislike to playing cards for money. 我極討厭打牌賭博。

He has a strong objection to getting up so early.他很反感這么早就起床。

You should pay more attention to uniting and working with those who differ with you. 你應(yīng)該更注意團(tuán)結(jié)那些自己意見不同的人一道工作。

三、be+形容詞(含過去分詞)+介詞to+動名詞

19. be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事

20. be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事

21. be opposed to doing sth 反對做某事

22. be reduced to doing sth使某人淪為做某事

23. be devoted to doing sth 把時(shí)間(錢，精力等)獻(xiàn)給做某事

24. be limited to doing sth把……限制在做某事的范圍內(nèi)

應(yīng)用實(shí)例：

This is equal to saying that he’s a cheat. 這就等于說他是個(gè)騙子。

She is used to living in the country. 她習(xí)慣于住在鄉(xiāng)下。

I’m opposed to telling him the news at once. 我反對馬上告訴他這消息。

This dictionary is devoted to explaining word usage. 這本詞典是解釋詞的用法的。

四、其他結(jié)構(gòu)+介詞to+動名詞

25. get down to doing sth開始做某事，認(rèn)真處理某事

26. look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事

27. What do you say to doing sth? 你認(rèn)為做某事如何？

應(yīng)用實(shí)例：

We are looking forward to receiving his letter. 我們盼望收到他的回信。

It’s time we got down to some serious work. 我們該認(rèn)真干點(diǎn)正事了。

What do you say to having a glass of beer? 喝杯啤酒如何?

（編輯  陳根花）