定語(yǔ)從句的三個(gè)重要概念

1. 定義：用來(lái)修飾某個(gè)名詞、代詞或整個(gè)句子的從句就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：

The man you talked about is our headmaster. 你們剛才所談?wù)摰哪莻�(gè)人是我們的校長(zhǎng)

This is the bike my father gave me as my birthday present. 這是我父親送給我作為生日禮物的單車。

The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year. 那棵葉子紅色的樹(shù)是去年栽的

2. 先行詞：定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞就叫做先行詞，它一般是由名詞、代詞或句子充當(dāng)。如：

The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old. 在舞臺(tái)上唱歌的那個(gè)男孩今年才九歲。(現(xiàn)行詞是名詞)

Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group. 任何愿意幫助他人的人都?xì)g迎來(lái)參加我們的組織。(現(xiàn)行詞是代詞)

His mother is out of danger,  which excites their family very much. 他母親脫離了危險(xiǎn)，這件事情使他們家興奮不已。(現(xiàn)行詞是句子)

3. 關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞就叫做關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)關(guān)系詞的用法不同，關(guān)系詞又分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，其中關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but等，關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。關(guān)系詞既起連接先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的作用，又做從句中的某個(gè)句子成分。如：

Lee is one of the students who are working very hard. 李是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)非常努力的學(xué)生。(引導(dǎo)詞who)

There is nobody but knows you here. 這兒沒(méi)有不認(rèn)識(shí)你的人。(引導(dǎo)詞but)

He led us to a place where we have never been before. 他把我們帶到了我們以前從未去過(guò)的地方。 (引導(dǎo)詞where)