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who (whom) 和that的用法區(qū)別詳解 |
作者:gramhl 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時間:2008-12-03 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情況下,可以互換使用,但在下列情況下值得注意: 一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形 (1) 在非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指人時,只能用who (whom)。如: My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在國外學(xué)習(xí),就在圣誕節(jié)前給我寄來了漂亮的禮物。 (2) 當(dāng)定語從句對指人的先行詞進(jìn)行隔位修飾時,只能用who (whom)。如: Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認(rèn)識黑板前面正在給學(xué)生們講話的那位女孩子嗎? (3) 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時,只能用who (whom)。如: Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那兒的人請來這邊。 (4) 當(dāng)先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 時,只能用who (whom)。如: Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反對我們的人就是我們的敵人。 (5) 先行詞指人,而關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時,一般多用who。如: The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天來這兒的那個人說過幾天他會再來。 (6) 在there be句型中名詞的定語從句多用who (whom)。如: There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我們班有些學(xué)生你見過。 (7) 當(dāng)句子中有兩個指人的現(xiàn)行詞分別帶有兩個定語從句時,若一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that, 那么,另一個定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。如: The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university. 剛才你會到的那個男孩是李明的剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的弟弟。 二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形 (1) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如: The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在為我們隊(duì)踢足球的最高哪個運(yùn)動員來自山東。 (2) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如: He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一個對老師說“不”的學(xué)生 (3) 當(dāng)主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時,引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如: Who is woman that you talked with just now? 剛才跟你談話的那位婦女是誰? (4) the same as 與 the same that the same as所引導(dǎo)定語從句的內(nèi)容與先行詞同類而不同物;the same that表示所引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容與先行詞同類同物,即:同一事物。如: She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣。(暗含:她偷了我的上衣) She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著跟我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣同樣的上衣。(暗含:她所穿的上衣不是我所丟失的那一件) |
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