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關閉窗口 做非謂語動詞題的經典妙招
■湖南 陳仁禎
妙招一 用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式
1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _________ for a space flight.
A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained
【解析】答案選D。由于被訓練進行航空飛行是他被派往那兒的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和B。另外，由于“他”與“訓練”之間為被動關系，故選D。
2. _________ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.
A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making
【解析】答案選C。由于是表示目的，故要用不定式，句意為：為了要做這塊蛋糕，你需要2只雞蛋、175克糖和175克面粉。
妙招二 用于名詞后作定語時，使用非謂語動詞的原則是：用不定式，表示動作尚未發生；用現在分詞，表示動作正在進行；用過去分詞，表示動作已經發生，同時表示被動意義
1. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _________ in Beijing in 2008.
A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
【解析】答案選D。由于2008年奧運會尚未舉行，故要用不定式。
2. There are hundreds of visitors _________ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait
【解析】答案選C。由于表示“正在等”，故用現在分詞作定語。
3. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost
【解析】答案選A。因things與動詞lose之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞。
注：受the first, the second…the last修飾的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作定語。如：
—The last one _________ pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
【解析】答案選C。因為在the first, the second, the third, …, the last等結構后習慣上要接不定式作定語，又如：I’d be the first to admit I might be wrong. 我愿第一個承認我可能錯了。You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二個犯這錯誤的人。
妙招三 用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用現在分詞
1. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do.
A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved
【解析】答案選B。由于與句子主語I之間為主動關系，且表示當時持續了一會兒，故用現在分詞。句意為：當信號燈變綠時，我站在那兒一會兒沒動，心想自己該怎么辦。
2. Peter received a letter just now _________ his grandma would come to see him soon.
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say
【解析】答案選C。此處用現在分詞表伴隨，又如：A card came yesterday saying Sue will arrive tomorrow. 昨天收到的明信片上說，休明天到。Alan received a telegram saying his father was ill. 埃倫收到一封電報，說是他父親生病了。
3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _________ the same thing.
A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
【解析】答案選A。現在分詞saying在此表示伴隨。
4. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _________ that all children like these things.
A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
【解析】答案選A。現在分詞thinking在此表示伴隨。
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