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Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; ……

請(qǐng)問，shall have passed是什么意思，怎么翻譯？ 它與shall pass 有什么區(qū)別？

謝謝。

你這句話摘自《美國(guó)憲法》的原句。譯為漢語是：

經(jīng)眾議院和參議院通過的法案，在正式成為法律之前，須呈送美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。

為了更好理解，我把語序調(diào)整一下：

Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate shall be presented to the President of the United States before it become a Law.

關(guān)于shall的用法：

shall作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，通常指按照規(guī)則或法律規(guī)定，意為“必須，一定，將要”： You use shall to indicate that something must happen, usually because of a rule or law. You use shall not to indicate that something must not happen. 

就是說，shall 既表示將來，也表示按法律規(guī)定去做。

本句的意思是指：先兩院通過，再呈交總統(tǒng)，屬于先后關(guān)系，所以動(dòng)作在先的用了shall have done。