A is to B what C is to D 是英語(yǔ)中的固定句型，其意為“A對(duì)B而言正如C對(duì)D一樣”。對(duì)于這類句型中的 what 的詞性，學(xué)術(shù)界尚有爭(zhēng)論。以下觀點(diǎn)可供你參考：
■《最新高級(jí)英漢詞典》（商務(wù)印書館）和《中學(xué)英語(yǔ)高頻詞詳解詞典》（金盾出版社）等認(rèn)為 what 是連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句（用于打比喻，也叫比喻狀語(yǔ)從句，或叫相似狀語(yǔ)從句，也有的詞書認(rèn)為是比較狀語(yǔ)從句）。例句如：
Air is to us what water is to fish. 我們離不開空氣，就像魚兒離不開水一樣。
Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)機(jī)器之關(guān)系猶如心臟對(duì)動(dòng)物之關(guān)系。
Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 讀書與思想的關(guān)系就好比食物與健康的關(guān)系。
What blood vessel is to a man’s body, railway is to transportation. 鐵路對(duì)于運(yùn)輸猶如血管對(duì)于人體一樣重要。
What salt is to food, wit and humour are to conversation and literature. 雋語(yǔ)與幽默和會(huì)話與文學(xué)的關(guān)系就像鹽和食物的關(guān)系一樣。
■《英漢多功能詞典》（外研社）和《英語(yǔ)常見問題解答大詞典》（黑龍江人民出版社）等則認(rèn)為這類句型中的 what 為關(guān)系代詞。并舉例：
Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)機(jī)器之關(guān)系猶如心臟對(duì)動(dòng)物之關(guān)系。
Railway is to transportation what blood is to a man's body. 鐵路對(duì)于交通的重要性，就如同血管對(duì)于身體的重要性一樣。
Manure is to crops what food is to man. 肥料對(duì)于農(nóng)作物，就如同食物對(duì)人一樣。
Color, line, mass, space and texture are to a painter what words are to an author. 顏色、線條、主體、空間和結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)畫家而言就像詞匯對(duì)于作家一樣重要。 回復(fù)時(shí)間:
2011/5/4 10:38:57 |
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