英語時間狀語從句的用法及有關說明

一、普通類從屬連詞

引導時間狀語從句的普通類從屬連詞有when（當……時），while（在……期間），as（當……，一邊……一邊……），before（在……之前），after（在……之后），since（從……以來），till/until（直到），whenever（無論何時），as soon as（一……就）等。如：

When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 當我走進教室時，他正在看書。

He read a newspaper as he went along. 他邊走邊看報紙。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們必須趁熱打鐵。

I will tell you after they leave. 于他們走后我再告訴你。

I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告訴他什么時候想回來就回來。

I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回來(from www.yygrammar.com)。

Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 時間一旦失去就再也得不到了

注意：在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態或將來完成時，而要用相應的一般現在時態、一般過去時或現在完成時來代替。如：

I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達那里就打電話給你。

She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達那里就給我電話。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 等車停穩后才下車。

二、含 time的短語

可引導時間狀語從句的 time 短語有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等。如：

Every time I listen to music, I’ll think of it. 每當我聽音樂，我就想起這事。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。

Each time she moved her head she let out a moan. 她每轉動一下頭，就發出一聲呻吟。

三、表示“一……就……”

除as soon as外，還有三類：名詞型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；副詞型——immediately, directly, instantly；句式型——no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…。如：

The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道沒有希望了。

I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨來了。

如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結構。如：

Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

四、對before從句的理解

before的本意為“在……之前”，根據具體語境還可理解為“還沒來得及/還沒有……就……，趁著還沒……就……，不知不覺就……，……才……”等。如：

I had not sat long before he came back. 我沒坐多久他就回來了。

He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。

Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我還來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。

I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark. 我要趁著天還沒黑把花澆好水。

Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做學生，后做先生。

Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 時間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個月。

I will die before I will betray my country. 我寧可死也不會背叛我的國家。

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