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句子的種類(按結(jié)構(gòu)分)

句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可分為下列四種類型：

一、簡單句(simple sentence)，由一個主語部分和一個謂語部分所組成，如：

I need a sheet of letter paper. 我需要一張信紙。

The postman brought a small packet. 郵差送來一個小包裹。

The work is only parti ally finished. 這項工作只是部分完成。

His question has set me thinking. 他的問題使我深思。

You’d better have the shoes mended. 你最好請人把鞋補一下。

I once heard the song sung in Italian. 我曾聽見人用意大利語唱這支歌。

I felt a great weight taken off my mind. 我感到心里輕松了許多。

二、并列句(compound sentence)，由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句(即分句)組成，如：

Take my advice, and let me drive you home. 聽我的勸，讓我開車送你回家。

We’re here anyway, and that’s lucky. 我們到底還是到了，這是幸運的。

We parted, and we haven’t met since. 我們分手了，學(xué)后再也沒有見面。

Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all time. 人會一時發(fā)傻，但不會老是發(fā)傻。

I don’t remember the make, but it was a car. 我不記得是什么牌子，但是一輛好車。

It’s heavy, but I can manage (to carry it). 它很重，不過我可以拿得動。

Do you want a bath at once, or shall I have mine first? 你想馬上洗澡還是我先洗?

A minority of the children wanted a dance, but the majority chose a picnic. 少數(shù)孩子想開舞會，而多數(shù)孩子都選擇野餐。

三、復(fù)合句(complex sentence)，由主句和其他從句組成，如：

Tell me how it was done. 告訴我它是怎樣做的。

I asked how they were getting on. 我問他們相處得怎樣。

This is how we parted. 我們就是這樣分手的。

I’m worried about how we’re going to pay for the car. 我在發(fā)愁買車的錢如何付。

You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完藥丸后你會感到好一些。

I found his letter long after he had left. 他走了好久我才發(fā)現(xiàn)他的信。

I’m not about to stop when I’m so close to success. 在這樣接近成功時我不打算就此罷手。

You can take any room you like. 你愿住哪間房就住哪問房。

There are some people here(who)I should like you to meet. 這兒有幾個人我想讓你見見。

The gift to whom I spoke is my cousin. 我和她講話的那個姑娘是我的表妹。

四、并列復(fù)合句(compound complex sentence)，即含有復(fù)合句的并列句，如：

John wanted to go to the party, but his wife said she Was too tired. 約翰想去參加晚會，但他的妻子說她太累了。

I asked a man who has a wife and three children who did the cooking in his house and he replied that whoever came home from work first did it. 我問一個有妻子和三個孩子的人，他家誰做飯，他回答說，誰先下班回來，誰就做飯。