do sb (a)…用法歸納

一、do sb a favour

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“幫助某人”，也可說成do a favour for sb，注意其中有不定冠詞。如：

Would you do me a favour please? 請(qǐng)你幫我個(gè)忙，好嗎?

He is always ready to do a favour for his classmates. 他總是樂于幫助同學(xué)。

以下各句均可表示“勞駕請(qǐng)把窗戶打開”。注意，當(dāng) favour 后有定語修飾時(shí)，其前習(xí)慣上要用定冠詞：

Do me a favour and open the window.

Do me a favour by opening the window.

Do me a favour—open the window, please.

Do me the favour to open the window.

Do me the favour of opening the window.

二、do sb good

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“對(duì)某人有益或有好處”，其中的 good 為不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Exercise will do you good. 運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)你會(huì)有好處。

Eat more fruit—it will do you good. 多吃水果，這對(duì)你有好處。

A week’s vacation will do you a lot of good. 休一周的假對(duì)你有很多益處。

Go on with the treatment. It is doing you good. 你要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行這種療法。它對(duì)你是有效的。

三、do sb harm

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“對(duì)某人有害”，其中的 harm 為不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Smoking does harm to your health. 吸煙對(duì)你的身體有害。

A few late nights never did anyone any harm. 熬幾個(gè)晚上的夜對(duì)人絕無害處。

Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否對(duì)我們有害還要看一看。

注：也可說成 do harm to sb。如(from www.hz123456.com)：

Such books do great harm to young people.=Such books do young people great harm. 那樣的書對(duì)年青人危害很大。

四、do sb honour

該結(jié)構(gòu)也可說成do honour to sb，它有以下兩個(gè)方面的意思：

1. 對(duì)某人表示敬意或紀(jì)念。如：

They did honour to the dead. 他們向死者致敬。

2. 給某人帶來榮譽(yù)或使某人受到尊敬。如：

His contributions to science do honour to our country. 他在科學(xué)上的貢獻(xiàn)為祖國(guó)增了光。

We attended his birthday party to do him honour. /We attended his birthday party to do honour to him. 我們參加了他的生日晚會(huì)以表示對(duì)他的敬意。

注意：do sb the honour of doing [to do] sth 的意思是“給某人面子做某事”“給某人做某事的榮幸”。如：

Would you do me the honour of dancing with me?=Would you do me the honour to dance with me? 能請(qǐng)你跳曲舞嗎?

五、do sb a kindness

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“好心地為某人做某事”“幫某人的忙”，其中的 kindness 為可數(shù)名詞。如：

Will you do me a kindness? 你愿幫我個(gè)忙嗎?

He has done me many kindnesses. 他幫了我不少忙。

六、do sb a service

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“幫某人的忙”，注意其中有不定冠詞。如：

Will you do me a service? 幫我個(gè)忙好嗎?

You did me a great service by telling me the truth. 你把實(shí)情告訴我，這對(duì)我很有好處。

七、do sb wrong

該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“冤枉某人”“冤屈某人”，wrong 前通常不用冠詞，但若有形容詞修飾，也可用不定冠詞修飾。如：

You did me wrong. 你冤枉我了。

He did her a terrible wrong. 他真的是太冤屈她了。