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學(xué)好分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的四個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn) | |||
作者:hj18e 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2008/10/25 |
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關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)三:牢記分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)的特例 一般說(shuō)來(lái),分詞作狀語(yǔ),它的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子主語(yǔ)一致,但事實(shí)上有少數(shù)例外的特殊情況: 1. 某些表示說(shuō)話人態(tài)度的一些慣用分詞表達(dá),它們?cè)谟米鳡钫Z(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)可以與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。如: Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 一般說(shuō)來(lái),女人比男人活得長(zhǎng)。 Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed. 從你的話看,他應(yīng)當(dāng)能成功。 Considering the distance, he arrived very quickly. 考慮到路程,他到達(dá)得很快。 Taking everything into consideration, you should leave. 考慮到各種因素,你最好離開(kāi)。 2. 當(dāng)句子含有先行主語(yǔ)it或there時(shí),有時(shí)用作狀語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)可以與先行主語(yǔ)不一致。如: Having so little time, there was not much that I could do. 由于時(shí)間很少,我能做的事很有限。 Being French, it’s surprising that she’s such a terrible cook. 她是法國(guó)人,但她做飯做得那么糟真是令人感到驚奇。 3. 當(dāng)分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞或連詞,此時(shí)也無(wú)需考慮主語(yǔ)一致問(wèn)題。如: Supposing she doesn’t come, what shall we do? 要是她不來(lái)我們?cè)趺崔k?(supposing為連詞,意為“假若”) Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job. 考慮到他們沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn),這工作已做得很不錯(cuò)了。(given為介詞,意為“考慮到”) 4. 當(dāng)分詞暗含的邏輯主語(yǔ)為表示泛指意義的one或you時(shí),也無(wú)需考慮主語(yǔ)的一致性問(wèn)題。如: In doing such work, patience is needed. 做這種工作需要耐心。(=When one does such work, patience is needed.) 關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)四:注意分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 在通常情況下,分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)它的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子主語(yǔ)一致,若不一致,則應(yīng)改用其他句型。如: 誤:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down. (from www.hz123456.com) 正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)他被車(chē)撞倒了。 正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他過(guò)馬路時(shí)車(chē)子把他撞倒了。 解決狀語(yǔ)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不一致的問(wèn)題,也可在分詞前加一個(gè)名詞或代詞,使之成為分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。由于加在分詞前的名詞或代詞要用主格形式,故稱(chēng)分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如: The job finished, we went home. 工作結(jié)束后我們就回家了。 The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天氣很好,我們就去游泳了。 He being absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成。 引用地址: |
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