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四、考查過去分詞用作賓補

過去分詞作賓語補足語的特點是：與其前的賓語為被動關(guān)系，這類考題尤其要注意“動詞+反身代詞+過去分詞”“have+賓語+過去分詞”等典型結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

1. In the dream Peter saw himself _________ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (上海卷)

A. chased                            B. to be chased      

C. be chased                        D. having been chased

【說明】此題答案選A。根據(jù)句意可知，himself與chase為被動關(guān)系，故chase要用過去分詞。

2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _________ often enough. (天津卷)

A. explaining                       B. to explain

C. explain                            D. explained

【說明】此題答案選D。由于賓語it (=the rule)與動詞explain為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。此題考的是“have+賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。

五、考查過去分詞在固定搭配中的使用

這類考題通常會涉及一個含有過去分詞的固定搭配，要求考生能正確識別并結(jié)合給定的語境進行判斷。這類結(jié)構(gòu)也通常是用作狀語，并且往往也可根據(jù)具體的語境轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。如：

1. _________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川卷)

A. Faced                            B. Face

C. Facing                           D. To face

【說明】此題答案選A。(be) faced with是固定短語，其意為“面臨”。faced with so much trouble在此表原因，因此可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語從句：Because we were faced with so much trouble…

2. _________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (湖南卷)

A. Dressed                         B. To dress

C. Dressing                        D. Having dressed

【說明】此題答案選A。(be) dressed in為固定短語，其意為“穿著……”，如：She was dressed in Japanese clothes. 她穿著日本服裝。I didn’t recognize him because he was dressed in a dark suit. 我沒有認出他來，因為他穿著一身黑色套裝。本題中的dressed in a white uniform為原因狀語，可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語從句：As he is dressed in a white uniform…

3. _________ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdown. (上海卷)

A. Put                                B. Putting

C. Having put                     D. Being put

【說明】此題答案選A。put…into use為固定短語，其意為“投入使用”。根據(jù)句意可知，the hotline與put是被動關(guān)系，且于2000年已經(jīng)完成，所以用過去分詞。

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