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妙招四  用作結果狀語時，可用現在分詞或不定式，其原則區別是：一般要用現在分詞，不定式用作結果狀語主要用于某些特定句式中

1. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _________ in the natural light during the day.

A. to let                    B. letting                       C. let                         D. having let

【解析】答案選B。此處用現在分詞表示結果。又如：It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。

2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _________ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached         B. reaching                    C. to reach                D. to be reaching

【解析】答案選B。伴隨著謂語動詞的發生而產生的自然結果，用現在分詞作結果狀語。

注：在enough to do sth, too…to do sth, only to do sth等特定句式中，習慣上要用不定式表示結果。如：

1. He hurried to the booking office only _________ that all the tickets had been sold out.

A. to tell                    B. to be told                   C. telling                    D. told

【解析】答案選B。only to do sth在此表示出人意料的結果。

2. He hurried to the station only _________ that the train had left.

A. to find                   B. finding                      C. found                    D. to have found

【解析】答案選A。only to do sth在此表示出人意料的結果。

妙招五  凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發生，則用不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用現在分詞的被動式

1. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _________.

A. to be heard            B. to have heard           C. hearing                  D. being heard

【解析】答案選A。根據句意，此處指的是“被聽見”，故要用被動式，因此可排除B和C。另外，由于“設法被聽見”為目的狀語，動作在當時尚未發生，故用不定式，即選A。

2.The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well _________.

A. to spend                  B. spent                    C. being spent           D. spending

【解析】答案選B。由于money與spend之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞。

3. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _________ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given              B. is given                 C. given                   D. was given

【解析】答案選C。由于title與give之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞。

妙招六  謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致

1. Faced with a bill for $10, 000, _________.

A. John has taken an extra job                         B. the boss has given john an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken                         D. an extra job has been given to John

【解析】答案選A。由于(be) faced with的邏輯主語是John，故答案只能選A。

2. While watching television, _________.

A. the door bell rang                                      B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring                          D. we heard the doorbell rings

【解析】答案選C。因為watching的邏輯主語一定是we，排除選項A和B；又因在hear后作賓補的是省略了to的不定式，所以選項D中的rings是錯誤的。

妙招七  強調動作發生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式（根據情況可用不定式的完成式或現在分詞的完成式）

1. _________from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

A. Being separated                                         B. Having separated      

C. Having been separated                               D. To be separated

【解析】答案選C。因為Australia與separate是被動關系，且separate發生在謂語動詞has之前，所以用現在分詞的完成被動式作原因狀語。

2. The manager, _________ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.

A. who has made           B. having made         C. made                     D. making

【解析】答案選B。因為The manager與make是主動關系，且make發生在謂語left之前，所以用現在分詞的完成式作狀語，having made…相當于who had made…的意思。

妙招八  對于固定搭配，原則上按搭配習慣處理

1. _________ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

A. Faced                      B. Face                      C. Facing                    D. To face

【解析】答案選A。(be) faced with為固定搭配，其意為“面對”，又如：They are all faced with the same problem. 他們都面臨同樣的問題。

2. _________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed                   B. To dress                C. Dressing               D. Having dressed

【解析】答案選A。(be) dressed in為固定搭配，其意為“穿著……”，句中的Dressed in…表原因，相當于As he is dressed in…的意思。

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