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不定式被動式的用法

一、基本形式

不定式被動式的基本形式為to be done；若表示動作先于另一動作之前，則用完成式，即to have been done。

二、用法歸納

不定式被動式在句中可以用作：

1. 主語。如：

It’s a great honour to be invited to the banquet. 承蒙邀請赴宴，甚是榮幸。

To be attacked by the enemy is not a bad thing, but a good tiring. 被敵人反對是好事，不是壞事。

It’s a pity to be kept in the house in fine weather. 好天氣時被留在家里是很遺憾的。

2. 表語。如：

All this is to be sold. 所有這些都是出售的。

Water must be pure if it is to be drunk. 水如供飲用必須凈化。

The switchboard is to be manned at all times. 任何時候電話總機那兒都應有專人在崗負責。

3. 賓語。如：

She doesn’t want to be separated from him. 她不愿和他分開。

He begged to be allowed to return to Brazil. 他懇求允許他返回巴西。

I don’t wish to be disturbed in my work. 在工作時我不愿意被人打擾。

They demanded to be shown the authentic documents. 他們要求出示真實可靠的文件。

4. 定語。如：

I made notes of the things to be mended. 我記下了需要修補的東西。

The Blacks are the first to be fired and the last to be hired. 黑人是最先被解雇，最后被雇用。

5. 狀語。如：

He asked to be kept informed about developments. 他要求隨時向他報告發展情況。

As she waited to be served, she became very impatient. 她在等候侍者送飯時，很不耐煩。

She got there only to be told that they had gone on holiday. 她到達那里，被告知他們度假去了。

6. 賓語補足語。如：

He did not like his intention to be laughed at. 他不喜歡自己的意圖受到嘲笑。

He ordered the goods to be sent by air.  他命令把貨物空運。(www.hz123456.com)

7. 主語補足語。如：

The court was ordered to be cleared. 有命令要關閉法庭。

The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 不許將書攜出室外。

8. 用在“for+名(代)詞+不定式”結構中。如：

It’s an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 我很榮幸被邀在這里講話。

It is essential for him to be prepared for this. 有必要讓他對此有所準備。

It’s impossible for the job to be finished in time. 這項任務要按時完成是不可能的。

The note was a simple request for a porter to be sent to room 201. 這個字條就是請指派一個搬運工到201室去。

Can you arrange for the gold to be delivered on Monday? 你能不能安排一下周一把金子送到?