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《高中英語慣用法詞典》 | |||
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時間:2011/6/9 |
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◆able adj. 1. 表示“有能力的”、“能干的”,可用作表語或定語。如: He is an able manager. 他是位有能力的經(jīng)理。 He is old but still able. 他雖年老,但仍有很能干。 2. 用于 be able to do sth(能或會做做某事)。如: He is able to speak English. 他會說英語。 Everyone here is able to type. 這兒的每一個人都會打字。 He will be able to get about in a week or two. 再過一兩個星期左右他就能走動了。 He studied hard and was able to pass his examinations. 他學(xué)習(xí)很努力,所以考試及了格。 注:be able to 不僅有多種時態(tài)形式(通常不用于進(jìn)行時或與 be going to 連用),而且還可以與某些情態(tài)動詞連用(通常不與 can 連用),甚至還可以有非謂語形式。如: Since his accident he hasn’t been able to leave the house. 自出事之后,他一直未能離開家。 You might be able to persuade him. 你也許能夠說服他。 I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了這項(xiàng)工作。 I regret not being able to help her. 我很遺憾未能幫助她。 3. able 的比較級和最高級通常是 abler 和 ablest,也可以是 more able 和 most able,有時還可用 better able和best able。如: You are better able to do it than I (am). 你比我更有能力做這件事。 She’s the person best able to cope. 她是個最能妥善處理問題的人。 4. 若要加強(qiáng)語氣,其前除可very, quite, perfectly等修飾外,有時還可用well修飾。如: He is quite [well] able to take care of himself. 他完全有能力照顧自己。 He’s a very able student; he’s just too lazy. 他是個很有能力的學(xué)生,只是太懶了。 若受just, only just修飾,則表示“只能”“僅能”。如: I was just able to make out a dark figure in the distance. 我只能看見遠(yuǎn)處有個黑影。 5. able的反義詞是unable(不能的,不會的),不是disable,后者是動詞,其意為“使殘廢”“使無能力”。比較: They were unable to reach a decision. 他們沒法做出決定。 Now that he was disabled, his house had become a prison to him. 因?yàn)樗麣垙U了,他的房子就成了他的牢籠。 ◆about prep. & adv. 1. 表示“大約”,通常用于數(shù)字前。如: It costs about $10. 這需10美元左右。 He arrived at about 10 o’clock. 他大約10點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)。 2. 在動詞 know, hear, speak 等之后用不用介詞 about, 含義有差別。如: I have heard about him, but I don’t know him. 我聽到過一些關(guān)于他的事,但不認(rèn)識他這個人。 I’ve heard of him, but I don’t know about him. 我聽說過他,但我不知道有關(guān)他的情況。 試比較: He knows her. 他認(rèn)識她。 He knows of her. 他知道有她這樣一個人。 He knows about her. 他知道有關(guān)她的情況。 3. be about to (do),意為“即將”、“馬上”。注意該短語不與具體的時間狀語(如:soon, tomorrow, immediately 等)連用。如: We are about to leave for 不說:He is about to leave here tomorrow. 注意該短語可與并列連詞 when(這時)連用。如: I was (just) about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡覺,這時電話鈴?fù)蝗豁懥似饋怼?/SPAN> 在美國英語中,be about to do sth 的否定式,可表示“不愿意做某事”。如: I am not about to admit defeat. 我還不想認(rèn)輸。 4. about和on均可表示“關(guān)于”,但about主要指泛泛地或非正式地談?wù)撃呈拢湔務(wù)摰膬?nèi)容也較為普通;而on則指比較有系統(tǒng)地或理論性較強(qiáng)地論述某事,其論述的內(nèi)容較正式或較嚴(yán)肅。比較: He wrote on mathematics. 他撰寫數(shù)學(xué)著作。 He wrote about the school. 他報道有關(guān)這所學(xué)校的情況。 It is a book on birds. 那是一本論及鳥類的書。(可能是一本學(xué)術(shù)著作) It is a book about birds. 那是一本關(guān)于鳥的書。(可能是一本供小孩看的關(guān)于鳥類的故事書) 5. 注意不要按漢語意思,在一些及物動詞后誤加介詞 about,而在一些不及物動詞后該加 about 時卻漏加。如: 他沒什么不滿吧? 誤:He has nothing to complain, does he? 正:He has nothing to complain about, does he? 析:表示抱怨某事時,complain 不及物,其后需接介詞 about 或 of 再帶名詞或代詞作賓語。(本句中 about 的邏輯賓語是 nothing) 我們會盡快討論此事的。 誤:We'll discuss about it as soon as possible. 正:We'll discuss it as soon as possible. 析:discuss(討論)為及物動詞,后接賓語時,無需用介詞。類似地,英語說 consider sth, 而不說 consider about sth;可說 doubt sth, 而不說 doubt about sth;可說 explain sth,而不說 explain about sth;可說 report sth,而不說 report about sth;等等。 上一頁 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一頁 >> 引用地址: |
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