英語修飾格學習資料——Simile

■本站特約作者  陳根花

一、基本概念

Simile（明喻）是一種最簡單、最常見的修辭方法，與漢語的明喻相似，它指的是將具有共性的不同事物或現象作對比，表明本體和喻體的關系。在明喻中，本體和喻體均同時出現在句中，在形式上是相對應的。注意，用于對比的事物或現象之間的共性存在于人們的心里，而不是事物的自然屬性。

二、基本格式

基本格式：本體 + 顯著比喻詞 + 喻體

三、常見標志詞

Simile的常用標志詞有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

1. 介詞：like 等；

2. 連詞：as, as if, as though, as...so, what等；

3. 動詞：seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等；

4. 名詞：comparison, resemblance 等；

5. 形容詞：akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等；

6. 短語： as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等；

7. 句式：As…, so…; As A is to B, so C is to D; A is to B as [what] C is to D等。

四、典型實例

■akin to 與……相似（相同）

Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽竊與偷竊性質相同。

They speak a language akin to French. 他們說一種類似法語的語言。

■analogous to [with] 與……相似

This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 這項提案與上次會議上我們討論過的那份提案相似。

The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危機與大戰前夕的形勢類似。

■as 像……一樣

He’s not as honest a man as I thought. 他不像我想象的那樣誠實。

The work is not so easy as you imagine. 這工作不像你想象的那么容易。

He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had. 他沒有像他爸爸那樣不停地搬家。

■as...as 像……一樣

He was as cold to her as formerly. 他對她還是像過去那樣冷淡。

His eyes aren't quite as blue as they look in the film. 他的眼睛不像在電影里見到的那么藍。

The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 長期干旱之后土地硬得就像石頭一樣。

■as if 好像，像……似的

He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 他那副驚駭的樣子就像見到了鬼似的。

I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿動不了，就好像給固定在地板上似的。

I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發生似的。

He wandered in to see me as if he had nothing else to do. 他遛遛達達進來看我，好像無事可做的樣子。

■as though 好像，像……似的

It looks as though you've blown a fuse. 看樣子你把保險絲燒斷了。

The bedclothes were tumbled (about) as though the bed had been slept in. 床上的被褥都弄亂了，好像有人睡過覺。

He looks as though he hasn’t had a square meal for months. 瞧他那樣子 好像幾個月沒好好吃過一頓飯似的。

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