8. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to.

A. spoken                B. speaking              C. speak                  D. be spoken

【分析】此題容易誤B，認為until 是介詞，后接動詞時用動名詞形式。其實，此題應選A，until spoken to 為 until he is spoken to 之省略。句意為“他是個沉默寡言的人，別人不同他說話，他很少同別人說話”。按英語習慣，一些表示時間、地點、條件、方式、 讓步等的狀語從句，若其主語與主句主語一致，且從句謂語包含動詞be, 那么可將從句的主語和動詞be省略：

You must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old. 趁年輕時要努力學習，不然到老了你會后悔的。

I won't go unless (I am) invited. 我不會去, 除非請我。

Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the streets. 過馬路時要注意汽車。

While (I was) waiting I was reading some old magazines. 等的時候我在看一些舊雜志。

He worked very hard though (he was) still rather poor in health. 盡管身體還不好，但他仍努力工作。

He will work hard wherever (he is) sent by the Party. 無論黨把他派往哪里,他都會努力工作。

請再看兩道試題：

(1) If carefully _________, the experiment will be successful.

A. do                        B. does                     C. done                    D. doing

答案選C，可視為 if it is carefully done 之省略。

(2) The research is so designed that once _________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins                  B. having begun         C. beginning              D. begun

答案選D，可視為 once it is begun 之省略。

9. In that month, he earned as much as, if _________ than, $40 000.

A. no more              B. not more             C. no much              D. not much

【分析】此題最佳答案為B。if not more than 為 if he didn’t earn more than $40000 之省略。請看類似試題（答案均選B）：

1. Her pronunciation is as good as, if _________ than, her teacher's.

A. no better               B. not better              C. no good                D. not good

2. This church is as old as, if _________ than, that one.

A. no older                B. not older               C. no old                  D. not old

3. He has read the book as many as, if_________ than, five times.

A. no more               B. not more               C. no much               D. not much

10. In some western countries, the rich are becoming richer, and _________.

A. the poor the poor  B. poor poor          C. the poor poorer  D. poorer the poor

【分析】此題應選C。句子后半部分為…and the poor are becoming poorer 之省略。句意為“在有 些西方國家，富人變得更富，而窮人則變得更窮”。句中的 the rich 指“富人”，the poor 指“窮人”。按英語習慣，若前后兩句謂語動詞相同，則后句通常可承前省略。又如：

He is a teacher and his wife a nurse. 他是老師，他妻子是護士。(...his wife a nurse=...his wife is a nurse)

John won the first race and Mick the second. 約翰贏了第一場比賽,米克贏了第二場比賽。(... and Mick the second = ...and Mick won the second race)

In the accident the son was wounded, but the mother killed. 在事故中，兒子受傷，母親喪命。(...but the mother killed=...but the mother was killed)

有時若后句的主語和賓語等與前句相同，也可一起省去：

He did it and quite successfully too at the beginning. 他這樣做了，而且一開始就很成功。(=He did it and he did it quite successfully too at the beginning.)

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