2010年考研翻譯題及參考答案

Part C

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.

When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it . We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.

It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.

Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.

To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.

【參考答案】

46. 科學家們迅速趕來挽救這種局面，他們使用的證據明顯站不住腳，大意是說：如果鳥不能控制這些蟲子，蟲子就會吃光一切。

47. 但是，我們更起碼接近了一點，得出了一種觀點，即：承認鳥類應該繼續享有其作為一種生物物種的權利，不管它們是否對我們具有經濟價值。

48. 有一種證據認為，這些生物通過獵殺弱者來保存獵物的健康狀態，或者說，這些生物捕殺的只不過是“毫無意義的物種”；曾幾何時，生物學家有點濫用這種證據。

49. 在歐洲，其林業在生態上更加發達，公益林木被認為是原始森林群落的一部分，同樣應該得到合理保護。

50. 這種觀點很可能會忽視，因而最終會消除土地群落里的很多重要因素，雖然這些要素缺乏商業價值，但對土地的健康機制而言，他們卻至關重要。

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