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英語(yǔ)副詞主要句法功能

1. 用作狀語(yǔ)

He has the ability to speak English fluently. 他能流利地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

The game absorbed the boy completely. 這男孩完全被游戲吸引住了。

They all admired his behaving so bravely. 他們欽佩他表現(xiàn)如此勇敢。

We must learn to meet adversity gracefully. 我們必須學(xué)會(huì)冷靜地去應(yīng)付逆境。

The temperature has been above the average recently. 近來(lái)的氣溫一直比平均溫度高。

2. 用作表語(yǔ)

Time is up. 時(shí)間到了。

He is almost always out. 他幾乎總是不在家。

Profits are up by 36%. 利潤(rùn)增加了36%。

Unemployment is up. 失業(yè)率上升了。

His leave is up tomorrow. 他的假期明天結(jié)束。

The birth rate is down. 出生率下降了。

My room is upstairs. 我的房間在樓上。

I’ll go to collect the children when the class is over. 放學(xué)時(shí)我去接孩子。

I gave the headmaster a call but he was out. 我給校長(zhǎng)打了個(gè)電話，但他出去了。

3. 用作賓語(yǔ)

He lives not far from there. 他住的離那兒不遠(yuǎn)。

He just came back from abroad. 他剛從國(guó)外回來(lái)。

We have got to get a surgeon in here. 我們這里一定得有一個(gè)外科醫(yī)生。

The agricultural land is very fertile around here. 這一帶的農(nóng)田非常肥沃。

The noise from downstairs prevented me from sleeping. 樓下的吵鬧聲使我睡不著覺(jué)。

There has been an increase in fares since then. 從那時(shí)起車費(fèi)就漲價(jià)了。

Until now I’ve always credited you with more sense. 在這以前，我一直都認(rèn)為你不至如此糊涂。

If you can’t finish the book by then, you must come and renew it. 這本書如果你到時(shí)候還看不完，你應(yīng)當(dāng)來(lái)續(xù)借。

副詞用作賓語(yǔ)的用法十分有限，通常只用作介詞賓語(yǔ)，并且只限于某些表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的副詞，而且不同的副詞有不同的搭配特點(diǎn)。

4. 用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

I need this tooth out. 我需要拔掉這顆牙。

He was about to leave when his wife called him back. 他正要離去，他妻子把他叫了回來(lái)。

一般說(shuō)來(lái)，能用作表語(yǔ)的副詞都可用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：

He went to see her but found that she was out. =He went to see her but found her out. 他去看她，但發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在家。

5. 用作定語(yǔ)

Choose the appropriate words from the list below. 從下表中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。

Not feel ashamed to ask and learn from people below. 不恥下問(wèn)。

We watched the mists ascending from the valley below. 我們看著薄霧從下面的山谷中升起。

They stood on the balcony to watch the festival in the street below. 他們站在陽(yáng)臺(tái)上觀看下面馬路上的節(jié)日活動(dòng)。

副詞用作定語(yǔ)總是放在被修飾名詞之后，如 the above passage / the passage above 都可表示“上面的段落”，但前者的 above 前置，為形容詞；后者的 above 后置，為副詞。