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5. 疑問代詞的語法要點

(1) 疑問代詞的基本用法：疑問代詞有what, which, who, whom, whose等，主要用于引出特殊疑問句。what除可用來詢問人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般指人。

(2) what與which的區別：一般說來，沒有一定的范圍時，用what，其意為“什么”；有一定范圍時，用which，其意為“(其中的)哪一個”。如：

What is the best book you’ve ever read? 你曾經讀過的最好的書是哪本?

Which of these books is the best? 這些書哪一本最好？

(3) 疑問代詞的綜合考查：在高考英語中有時命題者會將疑問代詞與其他知識點進行綜合考查，如將疑問代詞與強調句結合起來考查。如：

— _____ that he manage to get the information?

—Oh, a friend of his helped him.

A. Where was it   B. What was it      C. How was it       D. Why was it

解析：答案選C。從四個選項來看，似乎只是考查疑問詞where, what, how, why的辨析與選擇，其實它還結合了強調句的知識進行考查，根據答語中的 a friend of his helped him可知，問句問的是方式，故選how was it。

6. 替代詞it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法

(1) it和that的用法：兩者都可替代“the+單數名詞(可數或不可數)”，均表特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。如：

①The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they                  B. it                         C. one                    D. which

解析：答案選B。it替代“the + house”，指的就是前面提到的the Parkers所買的那座新房子。

②Few pleasures can equal _____ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some                B. any                    C. that                    D. those

解析：答案選C。that替代the pleasure，指與前面提到的同屬“快樂的事”。

(2)替代詞one的用法：one用以替代“a＋單數可數名詞”，表示泛指。特指的the one相當于that；the one復數形式the ones，在口語中也常用those代替；當后面有of短語時，一般用that或those，當有前置修飾語時，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同類”事物，其中只有that可替代不可數名詞。如：

①We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.

A. it                        B. one                    C. himself             D. another

解析：答案選B，one替代a cupboard。

②Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____who had already taken them.

A. the ones          B. ones                  C. some                 D. the others

解析：答案選A，后面的定語從句是特指，the ones替代the pupils。此處也可用those。

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