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英語典型語法錯誤100例(4) | |||
作者:DEKT-GG 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數: 更新時間:2017/3/22 |
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說明: 此文為VIP會員文章, 如果您希望閱讀本文, 請先申請成為VIP會員, 具體辦法請查閱“會員之家”或點擊下面的地址: www.hz123456.com/Article/200810/552.html! 英語典型語法錯誤100例(4) 31.令我們感到高興的是,他一天天地好了起來。 誤:To our delight, he was getting better day after day. 正:To our delight, he was getting better day by day. 析:比較 day by day 和 day after day:兩者均可表示“一天天地”,但含義和用法均有區別:day by day含有逐漸(gradually)轉變的意思,在句中主要用作狀語;day after day暗示時間之長久(for many many days),在句中可用作狀語,也可用作主語或賓語。比較:Day after day went by, and still no message arrived.. 一天天過去了,還是一直沒有消息。Things are getting worse day by day. 情況一天天變糟。 32.我們都指望他明天能來。 誤:We all depend you to come tomorrow. 正:We all depend on you to come tomorrow. 正:We all depend on you coming tomorrow. 正:We all depend on your coming tomorrow. 析:depend不能跟不定式的復合結構作賓語,因為它是不及物動詞,后接賓語時,必須用depend on [upon]。注:depend on 后可以跟不定式的復合結構,并且也可接動名詞的復合結構。另外,此句也可用從句改寫:We all depend on it that he will come tomorrow. 33. 這本詞典是供外國學生用的。 誤:The dictionary is designing for foreign students. 正:The dictionary is designed for foreign students. 析:design用作動詞除表示“設計”外,還可表示“計劃”“打算”等,如:His father designed him for a lawyer. 他父親打算要他當律師。但是,此用法通常用于被動形式,即用于 be designed for sb (sth), be designed to do sth, be designed as sth 等。如:The weekend party was designed to bring the two old men together. 這次周末聚會的用意是要使兩位老人見面。The room was designed as the children’s playroom. 這個房間計劃用作兒童游戲室。 34.我不同意我們那么早就出發。 誤:I disagree that we should start so early. 正:I don’t agree that we should start so early. 析:與“agree+that從句”不一樣,disagree(不同意)后不接 that 從句。順便說一句,要表示同意做某事,可說 agree to do sth,但要表示不同意做某事,不能說disagree to do sth,可根據情況改為 not agree to do sth或refuse to do sth等。 35. 我們對現金付款給予九折優惠。 誤:We give (a) 90% discount for cash. 正:We give (a) 10% discount for cash. 析:discount(折扣)的實際意思是從某物的價格中扣去的數目,而不是扣除某個數目后剩下的數目,即 discount =amount of money taken off the cost of sth。 36.許多年輕人夢想出國。 誤:A great many young people dream to go abroad. 正:A great many young people dream of going abroad. 析:動詞 dream(夢見,夢想)后不能接不定式,若語義上需要這類結構,通常用 of doing sth。注意此用法的否定式:Little did I dream of succeeding so well. 我做夢也沒想到會這樣成功。 37.這個女人不很聰明,很容易受騙。 誤:The woman is not very clever and easy to be cheated. 正:The woman is not very clever and easy to cheat. 析:在“be easy (difficult) +不定式”這類結構中,句子主語通常應是 it(如說:It is easy to cheat the woman.),通常不能是指人或物的名詞。但有時也可以用指人或指物的名詞作主語,注意此時該主語必須是其后不定式的邏輯賓語,且此時該不定式要用主動式表示被動意義(不直接用被動式)。又如:The question is easy to answer. 這個問題很容易回答。(不能用 to be answered) 38.這條消息對她沒有一點影響。 誤:The news did not effect her at all. 正:The news did not affect her at all. 正:The news had no effect on her at all. 析:effect 和affect 均可表示“影響”,但前者是名詞,后者是動詞。兩者的關系大致為 affect=have an effect on,如:To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 影響一項政策就是對該政策具有一種影響。注:effect 也可用作動詞,但不表示“影響”,而是表示“引起”“產生”或“實現”“達到”等。 39.我潑了些雞蛋在衣服上。 誤:I spilled some eggs on the dress. 正:I spilled some egg on the dress. 析:有的學生認為,egg(雞蛋)只用作可數名詞,其實那是誤解。egg 通常是可數的,其意是指一個個可以數的 egg,但是當它敲碎后,我們見到蛋殼內的雞蛋,便是一種物質了,也就不可數了。順便補充一點:作為食物的 egg,可能是可數的也可能是不可數的,其區別依然是看它是否能實實在在地被“數”。 40.我拿了別人的雨傘。 誤:I’ve taken somebody’s else umbrella. 正:I’ve taken somebody else’s umbrella. 析:若語義上需要所有格,該所有格通常加在 else 上。 |
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