典型定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)題詳解

■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was                         B. it was

C. which were                        D. them were

【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而在該從句中，主語(yǔ)是 high mountains，around which 是表語(yǔ)，所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。請(qǐng)做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is                          B. it is

C. which are                        D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are                        B. it is

C. which is                          D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are                        B. it is

C. which is                          D. them are

■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that                                B. which

C. where                             D. what

【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語(yǔ)。

【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？

■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It                                      B. As

C. That                                  D. What

【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It                                      B. As

C. That                                  D. What

此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的 that 從句。

再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選 B，第(2)題選 D：

(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which                                B. As

C. That                                  D. It

(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which                                B. As

C. That                                   D. It

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