過去將來時的用法說明

1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)與用法

過去將來時由“would+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，主要表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的事情(尤其用于賓語從句中)：

He told us he would help us. 他告訴我們他會幫助我們。

I knew you would agree. 我當時就知道你會同意的。

【注】在一定的語境中也可于其他從句或句子中：

It was a problem whether they would support us. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。

It was six o’clock. The sun would soon set. 這時是六點鐘。太陽即將落山。

2. 過去將來時間的表示方法

除“would+動詞原形”外，過去將來時還有以下常見表達方式：

(1) 用was (were) going to表示。表示過去某時準備做某事：

Marsha was going to come with us. 瑪莎準備和我們一道去。

I was going to leave when he came in. 他進來時我正要離開。

【注】was going to在一定的上下文中有時可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法或打算：

She was going to attend the concert last night, but she was too busy. 她昨晚本想去聽音樂會的，但她太忙了。

(2) 用was (were) about+不定式表示。表示在過去看來正要做某事：

I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me. 我正要睡覺，他來看我了。

(3) 用于was (were) due to表示。表示定于過去某時將要做某事：

They were due to leave at ten o’clock. 他們定于十點出發(fā)。

(4) 用“was (were)+不定式”表示。表示定于過去某時將要做某事：

He was to meet her at 10 on the street. 他約定和她10點鐘在街上見面。

【注】若表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)(或被取消)的計劃，則用was (were) to+動詞完成式：

We were to have left at 6 last night. 我們本來計劃昨晚6點離開的。