一、過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) 的用法

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)某時(shí)某動(dòng)作會(huì)業(yè)已完成。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)用得相對(duì)比較少，通常主要用于轉(zhuǎn)述方面，即用于間接引語(yǔ)中。如：

She said she’d have finished her exams by then. 她說(shuō)那時(shí)她會(huì)已經(jīng)考完試了。

The party would have arrived by four o’clock. 這一行人將于4時(shí)前到達(dá)。

She said she’d have finished her exams by then. 她說(shuō)那時(shí)她會(huì)已經(jīng)考完試了。

二、構(gòu)成方法

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)由“would+have+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。

三、基本用法

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)的基本用法就是：表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將來(lái)某時(shí)會(huì)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如：

I thought Sophia would have told you something. 我想索菲婭會(huì)已告訴你一地情況。

He knew by the time he arrived she would have gone home. 他知道他到時(shí)她會(huì)已經(jīng)回家。

The day was drawing near when we would have completed the reservoir. 我們建成水庫(kù)的日子不遠(yuǎn)了。

He said he would have done with my camera by the end of next month. 他說(shuō)到下月底就不用我的照相機(jī)了。

I guessed that Mother would have made some sandwiches by the time we got back. 我猜我們回來(lái)時(shí)媽媽已經(jīng)做好一些三明治了。

四、過(guò)去完成時(shí)用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中

若表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí)條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had+過(guò)去分詞)，而主句謂語(yǔ)則通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（would+have+過(guò)去分詞），當(dāng)然，主句謂語(yǔ)也可根據(jù)情況使用“should (could, might)+have+過(guò)去分詞”。如：

If I'd left sooner, I'd have been on time. 要是我早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，我就準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。(但我動(dòng)身太遲了)

If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我們當(dāng)時(shí)早點(diǎn)找到他的話，我們就可以救活他。(可惜我們找到他太晚了)

If I had known that you were coming I would have met you at the air-port. 要是我早知道你要來(lái)的話，我就會(huì)在機(jī)場(chǎng)接你了。

If he had lived, some day Michael would have done something important. 假定麥克爾當(dāng)時(shí)在世的話，他本可做出了不起的事。

If I had known how he felt, I would never have let him adopt those children. 我要是知道他的想法，我是決不會(huì)讓他領(lǐng)養(yǎng)那些孩子的。

He would have forgotten the boy’s birthday if you hadn’t reminded him. 要不是你提醒他，他會(huì)忘記這男孩的生日的。

Our lives would have been greatly impoverished if we had not known our dear friend. 若不是得識(shí)我們這位好朋友，我們的生活一定十分不妙。

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