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《高中英語(yǔ)慣用法詞典》 |
作者:TJG 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2011-06-09 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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2. 表示向某人買(mǎi)某物,通常用介詞 from。如: He bought this watch from a friend. 他從一位朋友那兒買(mǎi)了這塊手表。 3. 表示用多少錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物,通常用介詞 for。如: I bought the computer for $600. 我花600美元買(mǎi)了這臺(tái)電腦。 He bought it for very little money. 他買(mǎi)它只花了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)錢(qián)。 注:有時(shí)也用介詞 at, 側(cè)重指價(jià)格。如: He bought them for [at] 10p each. 他以每個(gè)10 便士的價(jià)格買(mǎi)下了它們。 4. 是終止性動(dòng)詞,因此在肯定句中不宜與一段時(shí)間連用。如: 這房子我已買(mǎi)了十年。 正:I bought this house ten years ago. 正:I have had this house for ten years. 正:It’s ten years since I bought this house. 誤:I have bought this house for ten years. ◆by prep. 1. 表示方式,主要用法有: (1) 與交通工具連用,表示“乘”、“坐”。如: by bus 乘公共汽車 by bike 騎自行車 by train 乘火車by plane 乘飛機(jī) by taxi 乘出租車 by ship 坐輪船 有時(shí)也與那些與交通工具密切相關(guān)的名詞連用。如: by air 乘飛機(jī) by water 走水路 by land 走陸路 等 注:以上表達(dá)通常不用冠詞,但是若表示交通工具的名詞前插有定語(yǔ),則可以用冠詞。如: We’re going by the 10:30 train. 我們坐10:30的火車去。 He went to (2) 與抽象名詞或表抽象意義的普通名詞連用,表示“用”、“通過(guò)”等。如: be electricity 通過(guò)電力 by experience 通過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn) by force 通過(guò)武力 by hard work 通過(guò)努力 by phone 用電話 by telegram 用電報(bào) by letter 用信件by express 用快件 by air mail 用航空郵件by ordinary mail 用平信 by post 用郵寄 by radio 用無(wú)線電 by hand 用手工 by machine 用機(jī)器 注:以上表示通常不用冠詞或其它限定詞,但是: by this means [method] 用這種方法 (3) 與動(dòng)名詞連用。如: He makes a living by teaching. 他以教書(shū)為生。 Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left. 鎖這扇門(mén)要把鑰匙向左轉(zhuǎn)兩圈。 2. 表示計(jì)量單位,意為“以……計(jì)”,若后接單數(shù)可數(shù),名詞其前要用定冠詞 the;若后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞則通常不用冠詞。如: They are paid by the hour (by the month). 他們所得報(bào)酬按小時(shí)(月)計(jì)。 Are bananas sold by weight or at how much a piece? 香蕉是按重量出售,還是按多少錢(qián)一根出售? The enemy came by the thousand [by thousands]. 敵人數(shù)以千計(jì)地?fù)鋪?lái)。 3. 表示抓住或握住某人或某物的某一部位,其中這個(gè)人或物應(yīng)是前面已提到過(guò)的,且在介詞 by 之后通常用定冠詞 the而不用物主代詞。如: Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然間她抓住了他的耳朵。 The policeman took the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。 ◆cake n. 表示“糕餅”、“蛋糕”,作為物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù);但若是指一塊塊的糕餅或蛋糕,則可數(shù)。有時(shí)由于說(shuō)話者的著眼點(diǎn)不同,以上兩種用法都是可能的。如: Would you like some cake(s)? 吃蛋糕嗎? Would you like a piece [slice] of cake? 吃塊蛋糕嗎? 口語(yǔ)中說(shuō) a piece of cake, 意為“十分容易”。如: The exam paper was a piece of cake. 那份試卷十分容易。 ◆camp n. & v. 1. 用作名詞時(shí),其前冠詞的使用比較復(fù)雜。一般說(shuō)來(lái),當(dāng)側(cè)重把camp 作為一個(gè)具體的場(chǎng)所或地點(diǎn)來(lái)考慮,它通常是可數(shù)的(即可用冠詞);反之若側(cè)重把camp 作為一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)來(lái)考慮,它通常便是不可數(shù)名詞(即不用冠詞)。如: The climbers had a camp near the top of the mountan. 登山者在山頂附近設(shè)有一個(gè)營(yíng)地。 When we were on holiday we stayed in a camp. 我們度假時(shí)呆在一個(gè)營(yíng)地里。 The children went to camp every summer. 孩子們每年夏天都去野營(yíng)。 Camp is pleasant in fine weather. 天氣好時(shí)去野營(yíng)是很愉快的。 有時(shí)根據(jù)說(shuō)話者的著重點(diǎn)不同,用不用冠詞均可。如: Let’s go back to (the) camp; it’s getting dark. 我們回營(yíng)地吧,天快黑了。 << 上一頁(yè) [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] ... 下一頁(yè) >> |
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