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關(guān)閉窗口 五、結(jié)構(gòu)誤配型
有的同學(xué)在寫作時(shí)，常常把一些固定詞組、習(xí)慣用語和固定句型錯(cuò)誤搭配，結(jié)果寫出來的句子讓人看不懂。
1. 你愿意幫我忙嗎?
誤：Will you give me a favour?
正：Will you do me a favour?
析：“幫某人一個(gè)忙”、“給某人恩惠”應(yīng)是do sb. a favour.
2. 在回家的路上，史密斯夫人的錢包被搶了。
誤：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed from her on her way home.
正：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen from her on her way home.
正：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed of her on her way home.
析：“搶某人某物”譯為steal +某物+from+某人或場(chǎng)所，或rob+人或場(chǎng)所+of +某物。
3. 你認(rèn)為工程師的演講怎么樣?
誤：How do you think of the speech made by the engineer?
正：What do you think of the speech made by the engineer?
析：本句的錯(cuò)誤在于有同學(xué)對(duì)what …think of的結(jié)構(gòu)概念模糊加上母語的干擾而造成的。What在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中作think的賓語。what do you think of…還可以說How do you like…? How在句子中是疑問副詞，作狀語。
4. 這個(gè)問題很難懂。
誤：The question is hard to be understood.
正：The question is hard to understand.
析：在“主語+be+形容詞+不定式”的句式結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語是不定式的邏輯賓語，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。又如：The man is hard to work with.其中，與不定式習(xí)慣搭配或根據(jù)表達(dá)需要的介詞不能省略。
5. 她有如此好的一位父親，以致于我們都很羨慕她。
誤：She has a so good father that we all admire her.
正：She has so good a father that we all admire her.
正：She has such a good father that we all admire her.
析：so是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞，常用于so+ adj. / adv.+ that…句型中，表示“如此…以致于”。在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前可用so+ adj.+ a+名詞+that…句型，相當(dāng)于such +a +adj. + 單數(shù)名詞+ that結(jié)構(gòu)。
6. 他可不是那種先想到自己后想到別人的人。
誤：It’s not like him of thinking of himself before thinking of others.
正：It’s not like him to think of himself before thinking of others.
析：表示“某人(恰恰)就是…這個(gè)樣子”，用It’s (just) like sb. to do sth.說明贊成或不滿。若用否定式則表示懷疑。
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