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關閉窗口 4. Charles Babbage was considered _________ the first telephone.
A. inventing B. having invented C. to invent D. to have invented
【分析】此題容易誤選A或B，因為許多學生只記住“consider 后接動詞要用動名詞”這一死規則。殊不知，consider可表示“考慮”和“認為”兩個用法，且這兩個用法的句型結構是不同的，即表示“考慮”時，其后不能接不定式，而接動名詞作賓語；表示“認為”時，則其后不接動名詞，但可接不定式的復合結構，即用于“consider+賓語+不定式”的結構，上面一題即為此結構的被動語態形式。所以答案應選C或D，但從時間上看，invent 應在 be considered 之前，故不定式 to invent 應用完成式，即用 to have invented，故選D。
5. The husband advised _________ to the south, but his wife advised him _________ up the idea.
A. moving, giving B. to move, to give C. moving, to give D. to move, giving
【分析】此題容易誤選A，因為許多學生都記住了“advise 后接動詞要用動名詞而不用不定式”這一搭配規則。但此“規則” 的表述是不準確的，準確的說法應該是：advise 后接動詞作賓語時，要用動名詞，不用不定式；但若其后接的動詞前有賓語，此動詞用作賓語補足語時，則此動詞要用不定式。即說 advise doing sth (建議做某事)或 advise sb to do sth (建議某人做某事)。類似情況的還有 allow(允許)，permit(允許)，forbid(禁止)等動詞，即：
allow doing sth 允許做某事，allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事；
permit doing sth 允許做某事，permit sb to do sth 允許某人做某事；
forbid doing sth 禁止做某事，forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事。
順便說一句，要特別注意以上各句型后一結構的被動語態形式，如：
We don’t allow smoking in the lab. 我們不準在實驗室吸煙。
We don’t allow people to smoke in the lab. 我們不準人們在實驗室吸煙。
People are not allowed to smoke in the lab. 人們不準在實驗室吸煙。
綜上所述，此題答案應選C。
6. “If you want a necklace, I’ll buy one for you at once.” “Oh, no. A necklace is not _________ that I need most.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
【分析】此題容易誤選A，機械地套用以下規則：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑問句。當然此規則在通常情況下是有效的，但此句不屬通常用法。此題的最佳答案應是B，something 在此的意思不是“某種東西”，而是指“那種東西”或“這種東西”，即心中最想要的那種東西(相當于 the thing)。同樣地，下面幾題的最佳答案也是 something，而不是 anything：(www.hz123456.com)
(1) It’s not _________ that we want to talk about; let’s change the subject.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
(2) It’s not _________ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
(3) Self-control is not _________ that comes with your birth.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
(4) This is not _________ that would disturb me anyway.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
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