4. 你會正確使用虛擬語氣的倒裝形式嗎

______ your address, I would have written to you.

A. Did I know          B. Were I to know   C. Had I known       D. If I should know

此題應選 C。這是虛擬語氣的倒裝形式。當虛擬條件句中含有 were, had, should, could等動詞時, 可以將if省略, 然后將 were, had, should, could 等詞移至句首：

1. If he should fail, he would kill himself.

→Should he fail, he would kill himself.

萬一失敗, 他就會自殺。

2. If I were you, I would do it at once.

→Were I you, I would do it at once.

假若我是你, 我就會馬上做。

3. If I could do it, I would.

→Could I do it, I would.

要是我能做此事, 我一定會做。

4. If he had seen you yesterday, he would haveasked you about it.

→Had he seen you yesterday, he would haveasked you about it.

他昨天要是看到了你, 他就會問你這事了。

順便說一句, 以上移至句首的 had不一定是助動詞, 如果是實義動詞也可倒裝：

If he had money, he would buy a car.

→Had he money, he would buy a car.

他要是有錢, 他就會買一輛小車。

5. 哪些動詞接的賓語從句通常要用虛擬語氣

The guard at the gate insisted that everyone ______ the rules.

A. obeys                   B. obey                    C. will obey              D. would obey

此題應選 B。一般說來, 在一些表示堅持(insist), 命令(order, command), 建議(suggest, advise), 要求(require, demand)等動詞之后的賓語從句中，謂語一般要用“should+動詞原形”(其中的should在美國英語常省略, 但是引導從句的that通常不省略)：

He ordered that the medicine (should) be sent bya special plane. 他命令用專機來運送藥品。

I demanded that I (should) be allowed to call mylawyer. 我要求準我找我的律師。

注意insist和suggest的用法要分兩種情況：

2. insist 表示“堅持要”、“一定要”, 從句多指尚未實現的想法, 謂語通常用虛擬語氣(should+v)；表示“堅持說”、“堅持認為”，從句所指的多為已經發生的事或已存在的狀態, 謂語用陳述語氣：

I insisted that he (should) go. 我堅持要他去。

I insisted that he was wrong. 我堅持認為他錯了。

2. suggest表示“建議”, 其后接that從句, 一般要用虛擬誤氣;若表示“暗示”、“表明”, 則其后所接that從句要用陳述語氣：

She suggested that we (should) leave early. 她建議我們早點動身。

Her expression suggested that she was angry. 她的表情表明了她生氣了。

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