3. 否定詞置于句首句子要倒裝

a. I ______ seen such a good harvest!

b. ______ I seen such a good harvest.

A. have never, Never have                      B. never have, Have never

C. have never, Have never                      D. never have, Never have

此題應(yīng)選A。這里考察的是否定詞置于句首, 句子用部分倒裝的問(wèn)題。一般說(shuō)來(lái), 以下否定詞位于句首, 句子要用倒裝(部分倒裝—-用一般問(wèn)句的形式)：seldom, never, little, few, hardly, not, not until, in vain, in no way, by nomeans, on no account, no longer 等：

Never does he come late. 他從不遲到。

Little did he know that the police were afterhim. 他一點(diǎn)也不知道警察在找他。

By no means shall I go there again. 我決不會(huì)再去那兒了。

Hardly had he arrived at the station when thetrain began to leave. 他一到車站, 火車就開動(dòng)了。

Few students did they see in the classroom. 他們?cè)诮淌覜](méi)看到幾個(gè)學(xué)生。

Not a word did I ever say to him. 我從未對(duì)他說(shuō)過(guò)一句話。

Not until all the fish in the river died did thevillagers realize how serious the pollutionwas. 直到河里的魚全死了, 村民們才意識(shí)到污染是多么嚴(yán)重。

4. So do I 與 So I do

—He studies very hard.

—Yes, so ______ and so ______.

A. he did, you did     B. did he, did you     C. he did, did you     D. did he, you did

此題應(yīng)選C。容易誤選B。此題句意為：

—他學(xué)習(xí)很用功。

—是的, 他確實(shí)用功, 你也一樣(用功)。

這里涉及這樣兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：

1. 表示前面所述的情況也適合于后面一個(gè)人或事物, 通常在so后用倒裝句式(部分倒裝——用一般問(wèn)句的形式)：

He likes English. So do I. 他喜歡英語(yǔ), 我也一樣。

He was ill and so were his parents. 他病了, 他父母也病了。

順便說(shuō)一句, 在正式文體中, as也可這樣用：

He travelled a great deal, as did most of hisfriends. 他去過(guò)許多地方旅游, 他多數(shù)朋友也一樣。

但是如果前面所述情況為否定式, 則用neither, nor引出倒裝句(此時(shí)不能用so)：

He couldn’t do it, and neither could she. 他做不了, 她也做不了。

He never comes late. Nor do I. 他從不遲到, 我也從不遲到。

2. 后一句子若只是重復(fù)前句的意思, 起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用, so后面不用倒裝句式：

—He has done a good job. 他干得不錯(cuò)。

—So he has. 他的確干得不錯(cuò)。

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