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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(05) |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-06-01 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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◆divide v. 1. 表示“分開”、“劃分”,通常指把整體分為若干部分,其后常接介詞 into。如: Let’s divide ourselves into groups. 我們分成幾個(gè)小組吧。 He divided the cake into three parts. 他把蛋糕分成三塊。 注:有時(shí)也可表示把原來連在一起或靠近的東西分隔開來,與介詞 from 連用(此用法以用 sparate 更為常見)。如: The Red Sea divides Africa from 2. 表示“分配”、“分享”、“分擔(dān)”等意義,其后根據(jù)情況可用 between, among, with 等介詞。如: Divide the cake among you. 這塊蛋糕你們幾個(gè)人分了吧。 He divided his time between work and study. 他把時(shí)間分別花在工作和學(xué)習(xí)上。 They divided the money between [among] themselves. 他們把那筆錢分了。 ◆do v. 用法較多,較復(fù)雜,在具體使用中以下幾點(diǎn)需注意: 1. 用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的謂語動(dòng)詞(要重讀),以加強(qiáng)語氣,此時(shí)謂語的時(shí)態(tài)由 do 來體現(xiàn),其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。如: He does speak well. 他的確說得好。 He said he would come and he did come. 他說他會(huì)來的,他果然來了。 以上用法若用于祈使句中,可使語氣更客氣友好或更有說服力。如: Do sit down. 請(qǐng)坐請(qǐng)坐! Do be careful. 一定要仔細(xì)。 注:以上用 do 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的用法只見于肯定句,不見于否定句或疑問句。如: 誤:You don’t do look nice today. 誤:Don’t do be careless. 2. 用于 do +動(dòng)名詞:表示一項(xiàng)需要一段時(shí)間的活動(dòng)或經(jīng)常性的活動(dòng)(如日常生活,業(yè)余愛好等)。注意:在這類用法中,在 do與動(dòng)名詞之間往往有一個(gè)限定詞(如:the, some, my, much, a lot of 等)。如: Mother does her washing on Sunday. 母親星期天洗衣服。 Can you do the shopping for me? 你可以替我買買東西嗎? He did a lot of running when he was young. 他年輕時(shí)經(jīng)常跑步。 I’d like to stay at home and do some reading. 我想留在家里看看書。 3. 用于 do with, 主要用法有: (1) 表示需要或希望得到某物,通常與 could 連用,有時(shí)與 can 甚至 will 等連用。如: I could do with a cup of coffee. 我想喝一杯咖啡。 You look as if you could do with a good night’s sleep. 你看來似乎需要好好睡上一夜。 若用于否定式,可表示“忍受”。如: I can’t do with loud music. 我受不了喧鬧的音樂。 (2) 用來詢問如何處理某事物(通常含有把某物弄到哪兒去之意),此時(shí)通常要與 what 連用。如: A:What have you done with my pen? 你把我的鋼筆弄到哪兒 去了? B:I put it away. 我把它收起來了。 What are we going to do with the food left over from theparty? 我們宴會(huì)上剩下的食物怎么辦? 比較 do with 與 do to: What did you do with my book? 你把我的書弄到哪里去了? What did you do to my book? 你把我書怎樣了? (弄壞了還是丟掉了?) 與 what 連用的 do with有時(shí)還可以表示“利用”或“對(duì)付”。如: I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道這怪東西有什么用。 What are you going to do with these hooligans? 你打算怎樣處置這些小流氓? (3) 表示打發(fā)時(shí)間或安排時(shí)間,其后通常接反身代詞。如: Tell me what you did with yourselves on Sunday. 告訴我你們星期天是怎樣過的。 后接反身代詞,有時(shí)表示“控制”。如: The children didn’t know what to do with themselves forexcitement. 孩子們興奮得無法控制自己。 (4) 表示將就或湊合,意為“對(duì)付過去”、“湊合著”等。如: Can you do with a five-yuan note? 給你五塊錢夠了嗎? If we can’t afford meat we shall have to do with fish. 要是我們買不起肉,就只得吃魚了。 上一頁(yè) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一頁(yè) >> |
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