高中英語 語法陷阱題800例-時態

◆典型陷阱題分析◆

1. “I _____ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.”

A. forget, forget                                        B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot                                        D. forgot, forget

【陷阱】容易誤選A，認為“忘記”是現在的事。

【分析】仔細體會一下對話的語境：第一個人說“我忘記他的電話號碼了”，這個“忘記”應該是現在的情況，即現在忘記了，要不然就沒有必要同對方說此話了，故第一空應填 forget；第二個人說“我有他的號碼，但我忘記帶電話本了”，這個“忘記”應該是過去的情況，即過去忘記帶電話本，所以現在電話本不在身上(注意句中的轉折連詞 but)，故第二空應填 forgot，即答案選應C。請再看一例：

— Oh, I ______ where he lives.

— Don’t you carry your address book?

No, I ______ to bring it.

A. forget, forget                                        B. forgot, forgot

C. forget, forgot                                        D. forgot, forget

答案選C，理由同上。

2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.

A. was                                                     B. had been

C. would be                                              D. would have been

【陷阱】容易誤選B或D，認為前句用了had hoped，所以此句謂語要用B或D與之呼應。

【分析】但正確答案為A，前一句謂語用had hoped，表示的是過去未曾實現的想法或打算，可以譯為“本想”，而后一句說“我太忙”，這是陳述過去的一個事實，所以要用一般過去時。請做以下類似試題(答案均為A)：

(1) We had hoped to catch the 10:20 train, but _____ it was gone.

A. found                                                  B. had found

C. would find                                           D. would have found

(2) We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.

A. didn’t                                                  B. hadn’t

C. needn’t                                                D. would not have

(3) We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.

A. had                                                      B. had had

C. would have                                           D. would have had

(4) I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.

A. called                                                  B. had called

C. would call                                            D. would have called

(5) The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.

A. was                                                     B. is

C. were                                                    D. had been

3. Dear me! Just _____ at the time! I _____ no idea it was so late.

A. look, have                                            B. looking, had

C. look, had                                              D. looking, have

【陷阱】此題容易誤選D，認為第一空用現在分詞表伴隨，第二空填 have 的一般現在時，以保持與前面時態的一致性。

【分析】其實，此題應選C，第一空應填 look, 因為這是祈使句的謂語；第二空應填 had，因為前一句說“看看時間吧”，這一看當然知道了現在很遲的情形，“不知道這么遲了”顯然應是“過去”的事，故應用一般過去時態，許多同學由于忽略這一隱含的語境而誤選。

4. “Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”

A. didn’t                                                  B. couldn’t

C. don’t                                                   D. can’t

【陷阱】此題容易誤選C，認為此處要用一般現在時態，表示現在“沒聽清對方的話”。

【分析】其實，此題答案應選A，根據上文的語境“請把你的電話號碼再說一遍好嗎?”可知“沒聽清對方的電話號碼”應是在說此話以前，故應用一般過去時態。請看以下類似試題：

(1) “Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”

A. promises                                              B. promised

C. will promise                                         D. had promised

答案選B，“他答應(要來)”應發生在過去。

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