高考英語中最可能考的四種倒裝

本站特約作者  陳根花(本文曾刊于《第二課堂》雜志)

一、否定型倒裝

所謂否定型倒裝，指的是將含有否定意義的副詞置于句首時，其后句子要用部分倒裝。具體說來，這類倒裝又有以下幾個小類：

1. 將否定副詞never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere 等置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out. 演出剛開始就停電了。

Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不怎么明白這個會議的重要性。

Never has there been such an effort to save whales from extinction. 如此搶救鯨魚，以使其免于滅絕，是從來沒有過的。

2. 將 no sooner…than…結構中的 no sooner置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain. 我們剛離開家就開始下雨了。

No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.  我們剛到機場，飛機就起飛了。

3. 將 not…until…結構中的 not…結構置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

Not until we lose our health do we realize its value. 等到失去了健康，才明白它的價值。

Not until I had read your letter did I understand the true state of affairs. 直到我看過你的信，我才了解事實真相。

4. 將 not only…but (also)…結構的not only…部分置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

Not only did we lose our money, but we were nearly killed. 我們不但丟了錢, 而且幾乎喪了命。

Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不僅他講話更正確，而且講得也較不費勁了。

5. 將no longer結構置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

No longer did he feel disappointed, but happy and hopeful. 他不再感到沮喪，而是高興，充滿希望。

6. 將not (a)…結構置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

Not a single word did she say. 她連一聲也沒有吭。

Not a soul was there to show us the way. 沒有一個人給我們指路。

7. 將含有否定詞的介詞短語置于句首時，其后引出部分倒裝。如：

At no time did he lose his self-control. 他始終沒有失去控制力。

On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個開關是絕 不能觸摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him. 無論如何我也不會再借錢給他了。

注：in no time(立即，馬上)位于句首時，其后無需用倒裝語序。如：

In no time he worked out the problem. 他馬上就算出了那道題。

【典型考題】(答案分別為ADBA)

1. —Did Linda see the traffic accident?

—No, no sooner _________ than it happened.

A. had she gone                                        B. she had gone

C. has she gone                                         D. she has gone

2. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _________ with my progress.

A. the teacher is not satisfied                      B. is the teacher not satisfied

C. the teacher is satisfied                           D. is the teacher satisfied

3. Never in m wildest dreams _________ these people are living in such poor conditions.

A. I could imagine                                     B. could I imagine    

C. I couldn’t imagine                                 D. couldn’t I imagine

4. Never before _________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.

A. has this city been                                   B. this city has been

C. was this city                                          D. this city was

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