類(lèi)似 It is said that...的常用句式歸納

■湖南常寧二中  劉文秀

It is said that…（據(jù)說(shuō)……）是英語(yǔ)中的常用句式，在高考試題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。如：

It is said that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education. 據(jù)說(shuō)早期歐洲的紙牌是為娛樂(lè)和教育設(shè)計(jì)的。(遼寧卷)

It is said that dogs will keep you company for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. 據(jù)說(shuō)當(dāng)你感覺(jué)孤單時(shí)，狗會(huì)一直陪伴你，你需要它陪你多久它就陪你多久！(江西卷)

It’s said that quite a few boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)你們學(xué)校有不少男孩子喜歡在業(yè)余時(shí)間踢足球，而其他人則喜歡打籃球。(遼寧卷)

It is said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they couldn’t have done it because the ocean in between is too wide. 據(jù)說(shuō)他們已從大陸游到島上，但他們不可能做到這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槠溟g的海面太寬了。(湖北卷)

類(lèi)似it is said that…句式的特點(diǎn)是：均以it作形式主語(yǔ)，均在被動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)后接that從句（其實(shí)為主語(yǔ)從句），譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)通常用“據(jù)……”表示，如根據(jù)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的意思不同可以譯成“據(jù)說(shuō)”“據(jù)信”“據(jù)估計(jì)”“據(jù)報(bào)道”“據(jù)傳聞”等。這類(lèi)句式比較常見(jiàn)的有以下一些：

1. It is believed that… 據(jù)說(shuō)……，據(jù)信……

It’s believed that the troops have already crossed the border. 信軍隊(duì)已越過(guò)邊界。

It is believed that the couple have left the country. 據(jù)信那對(duì)夫婦已離開(kāi)了這個(gè)國(guó)家。

2. It is claimed that… 據(jù)稱(chēng)……

It is claimed that current levels of pesticide do not pose a threat to health. 據(jù)稱(chēng)當(dāng)前殺蟲(chóng)劑的含量不會(huì)對(duì)健康構(gòu)成威脅。

It’s claimed that they produce the best athletes in the world but I think that’s impossible. 據(jù)稱(chēng)，他們可以培養(yǎng)出世界上最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但我認(rèn)為那是不可能的。

3. It is estimated that… 據(jù)估計(jì)……

It is estimated that smoking causes 100,000 deaths every year. 估計(jì)每年有100,000人由于吸煙而死亡。

It is estimated that four million viewers watched the programme. 據(jù)估計(jì)有400 萬(wàn)觀眾收看了這一節(jié)目。

4. It is expected that… 據(jù)估計(jì)……，預(yù)計(jì)……，估計(jì)……

It’s expected that the war would end soon. 預(yù)計(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不久即可結(jié)束。

It is expected that the new owner will change the yacht’s name. 估計(jì)新主人會(huì)給游艇改名。

5. It is known that… 眾所周知……，人們認(rèn)為……

It is known that he is honest. 眾所周知，他是個(gè)老實(shí)人。

It is known that her father is an expert. 人們認(rèn)為她父親是一位專(zhuān)家。

6. It is presumed that… 據(jù)推測(cè)……

Little is known of the youngest son; it is presumed that he died young. 對(duì)于最小的兒子所知甚少，據(jù)推測(cè)他年輕時(shí)就死了。

7. It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道……

It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area. 據(jù)報(bào)道，災(zāi)區(qū)如今正在建設(shè)許多新房。

It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of the two missing children. 據(jù)報(bào)道，警察會(huì)很快調(diào)查這兩起兒童失蹤案。

8. It is rumoured that… 據(jù)傳……，謠傳……，據(jù)說(shuō)……

It’s rumoured that she’s going to resign. 據(jù)傳她打算辭職。

It is rumoured that oil has been found in that area. 謠傳該地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油。

9. It is thought that… 據(jù)估計(jì)……，人們認(rèn)為……

In former times it was thought that ordinary metal could be turned into gold. 古時(shí)人們認(rèn)為一般金屬能變成黃金。

It is thought that there are more than 3,000 different languages in the world. 據(jù)估計(jì)，世界上有三千多種不同的語(yǔ)言。

10. It was understood that… 據(jù)悉……，眾所周知……

It is understood that the old man had a heart attack. 據(jù)悉，那位老人心臟病發(fā)作。

In the library it is understood that loud talking is not permissible. 眾所周知，圖書(shū)館里禁止大聲喧嘩。

11. It is whispered that… 據(jù)說(shuō)……，據(jù)傳……

It is whispered that he is heavily in debt. 據(jù)說(shuō)他負(fù)債累累。

It was whispered that he would soon die. 有謠言說(shuō)他快要死了。

本文已發(fā)表在《第二課堂》2013年第12期