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13. It be +一段時間+ before句式
該句型中，it 是代詞指時間, 主句中的時態(tài)通常是將來時或過去時兩種時態(tài)。主句中的表語多是long, not long, 3 days, 2 weeks 等表示一段時間。常譯為“……之后就……”。
It was 3 days before he came back home. 三天后他回了家。（直譯：在他回家之前時間是三天。）
It will be not long before he finishes his job. 不久后他就會完成工作。（直譯：在他完成工作之前，時間是不會長的。）
【句子分析】
It will be half a year before I come back. 在我回來之前，時間將有半年。意為“我半年之后才會回來。”
It was long before they met again. 在他們再次見面前（的日子里），時間是很長的。意為“過了好久他們才又見面。”
It won't be long before you regret for what you’ve done. 在你后悔你的所作所為之前，時間不會長了。意為“不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。”
以上三句，It表示“時間”，before表示“在……之前”的本義，結合時態(tài)和肯定否定，就很容易理解句子的含義了。
14. It happens (seems, appears) that句式
該句式中，it是形式主語，that 引導的是主語從句，也可以理解成是一固定句型。
It (so) happened that he met an old friend of his in the street. 碰巧他在大街上見到了他的一位老朋友。
It seems that it will rain this afternoon. 今下午看起來要下雨。
15. It doesn’t matter whether (if, wh-word) 句式
該句式中whether 引導的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為“不論（是否，何時，何地什么等）……沒關系……”。
It doesn’t matter whether they are old or new.
It doesn’t matter what he says.
It matters little if I miss my bus.
16. It looks (seems, appears) as if句式
該句式中it作為引導詞無意義, as if 引導一個方式狀語從句（一說表語從句，因為放在系動詞之后）。常譯為“看起來好像……”，如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。
It looks as if that old man is ill.
It seemed as if it were going to rain.
It appears as if they have lost interest.
17. It is a waste of time (money) doing sth. 句式
It’s a waste of time your talking to him.
It is a waste of money buying such an old car.
18. (It is) no wonder (that) 句式
It’s no wonder that he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.
No wonder he was so pleased. (https://www.cpsenglish.com/people/548)
19. It makes a (no, mush) difference whether句式
It’s doesn’t make much difference whether I am there or not.
It will make a difference whether you know first aid or not.
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