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淺談as和than引導(dǎo)的分句定位及主語(yǔ)省略問(wèn)題(上) |
作者:倪肖丁 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2018-02-01 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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(二)對(duì)乙方意見(jiàn)的困惑 1. 對(duì)than/as的界定:一方面認(rèn)為than和as不是Huddleston所定義的從屬連詞,而是“比較代詞”,并且在從句中必須作成分(主語(yǔ));另一方面(在分析案例二時(shí))又認(rèn)為as是從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)比較從句,但在從句中不作成分。在這里,無(wú)論是對(duì)于than/as的詞性定位、句子成分還是從句定位都不盡一致。使人難以獲得清晰的概念。 2. 一方面說(shuō)比較分句中必須省略與主句相比較的比較項(xiàng),留出一個(gè)空位(gap)。而且比較分句這種必須的省略不允許還原或無(wú)法還原,因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z(yǔ)的位置已經(jīng)由than或as占據(jù)了,這無(wú)法用省略解釋;另一方面對(duì)案例中的as和than分句分別進(jìn)行了如下還原: as planned= as it is planned that it go forward; than was reported= than it was reported that there were. 那么,究竟案例中的as…和than…能否用省略來(lái)解釋呢? 3. 如果說(shuō)There were more casualties than reported中than后的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)was(而非were)是因?yàn)閷?shí)際上was是補(bǔ)充省略成分以后it的謂語(yǔ);The project will go forward as (is) planned一句之所以用is也因?yàn)檠a(bǔ)充省略成分后is是it的謂語(yǔ)(The project will go forward as it is planned that it go forward.)。那么問(wèn)題是,復(fù)原后的從句是否都會(huì)有一個(gè)先行it? 如果沒(méi)有it,as和than后的動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)怎么確定?是否需要再提出新的規(guī)則?比如下面兩個(gè)例句: Use too many with countables to talk about more things than( )necessary or possible. (MEGCI) Teachers, parents, and students all need access to better information about colleges and careers than( ) commonly available.·(LDOCE6) than后能否用it來(lái)復(fù)原完整的從句?現(xiàn)有句中的空格應(yīng)該填is還是are? 根據(jù)是什么? ■聲明:本文為本站特約專家倪肖丁老師為本站寫(xiě)的專稿,任何引用需征得原作者的書(shū)面同意。
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