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關(guān)閉窗口 四、語法分析法
英語中有些省略是由特定的語法現(xiàn)象造成的，同學(xué)們在做題時首先要確定句子的省略涉及什么語法結(jié)構(gòu)或語法現(xiàn)象等，然后再根據(jù)相應(yīng)的語法知識來分析作答。如：
1. “Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?” “Oh, _________ must your two pet dogs.”
A. it B. they C. that D. which
分析：許多同學(xué)可能認為此題應(yīng)選B，因為其后的your two pet dogs為復(fù)數(shù)。但實際上，此題的最佳答案就是A，不僅涉及強調(diào)句型這一考點，而且是其省略形式，此句若補充完整，即為：It must be your pet dogs that have eaten all the cake.
2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _________ it—you’ve got some big bills coming.
A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget
分析：此題最佳答案為A。考查had better后接動詞原形的用法。但是考題中將you had better這一結(jié)構(gòu)省略成better，致使許多同學(xué)一時看不出來。又如：
Better go with him. 最好同他一起去。
Better have the operation right now. 你最好還是現(xiàn)在就動手術(shù)。
3. “Would you like to come for a walk with me?” “I’d prefer _________, thank you.”
A. not to B. to not C. not D. can’t
分析：答案選A，I’d prefer not to 為 I’d prefer not to come for a walk 之省略。注意，在該省略結(jié)構(gòu)中，用以代表不定式的 to 不宜省去。請看類例：
(1) “Shall I give the dog a chocolate?” “It’s better _________.”
A. not to B. to not C. don’t D. can’t
答案選A，為It’s better not to give the dog a chocolate 之省略。注意，不定式的否定式要將not 置于不定式符號to 之前，而不是之后。
(2) I would mend your radio, but I don’t know _________.
A. how B. to C. how to D. to how
答案選C，為 but I don’t know how to mend it 之省略。
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