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作者：劉  亞（湖南）

來(lái)源：《第二課堂（高中版）》，2006年第04期（第24-26頁(yè))

可以肯定地說(shuō)，分詞的狀語(yǔ)用法是所有分詞用法中最重要的，也是最難掌握的。歷年的高考英語(yǔ)考題也說(shuō)明，分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法是所有分詞用法中最常考的。因此，本文擬對(duì)分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法作一小結(jié)和分析，同時(shí)歸納一些行之有效的做題方法和理解技巧，以幫助同學(xué)們掌握其用法。

一、用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

1. 典型例句

Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 見到貓，老鼠就跑了。

The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。

2. 理解技巧

分詞(短語(yǔ))用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的從屬連詞需根據(jù)句意來(lái)確定)，如上面兩句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：

When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.

After the work was finished, he went home.

3. 高考實(shí)例

When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (浙江卷)

A. compared         B. being compared

C. comparing        D. having compared

【分析】此題答案選C，分詞短語(yǔ)when comparing different cultures相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when we compare different cultures。

二、用作原因狀語(yǔ)

1. 典型例句

Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身體虛弱而不能行動(dòng)。

His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的車壞了，所以只好走路。

Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。

2. 理解技巧

分詞(短語(yǔ))用作原因狀語(yǔ)通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成由as, because, since, now that 等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，如上面三句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：

As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.

Because his car broken was down, he had to walk.

Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London.

3. 高考實(shí)例

(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川卷)

A. Faced               B. Face                 C. Facing             D. To face

【分析】答案選A。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)faced with so much trouble可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語(yǔ)從句because we were faced with so much trouble。

(2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建卷)

A. Blaming            B. Blamed             C. To blame           D. To be blamed

【分析】答案選B。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可轉(zhuǎn)換成原因狀語(yǔ)從句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。

三、用作條件狀語(yǔ)

1. 典型例句

Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它們加起來(lái)，我們就可以得到答案。

United, we stand; divided, we fall. 團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。

Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多給點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們可以做得更好。

2. 理解技巧

分詞(短語(yǔ))用作條件狀語(yǔ)通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，如上面幾句也可轉(zhuǎn)換成：

If you work hard, you will succeed.

If we add them all up, we can find the answer.

If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.

If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.

3. 高考實(shí)例

______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (北京春)

A. Having given B. To give            C. Giving               D. Given

【分析】答案選D。give 與其邏輯主語(yǔ) he 是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞，故選 D。分詞短語(yǔ) Given time 可轉(zhuǎn)換成條件狀語(yǔ)從順 If he is given time。

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