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四、插入語分離陷阱

Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect

A. when taking           B. when taken          C. when to take               D. when to be take

【分析】此題正確答案為 B。考查分詞短語作狀語的用法，在這道試題中，我們所要填的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是 the drug，所以用過去分詞表被動。但在分詞短語后有一插入語 according to the direction，增加了試題的難度。做這一類題目時，要學會抓住句子的主干，去掉枝葉，問題就迎刃而解。試看下面的例題：

(1) Everyone, in our hometown, men and women, old and young, ________ singing and dancing.

A. are fond of             B. enjoys                   C. go in for                  D. take part in

(2) The manager decided to give the job to ________ he believed had a strong sense of duty.

A. whomever              B. who                      C. whoever                  D. those

(3) John plays football ________, if not better than, David.

A. as well                   B. as good                  C. as well as               D. as good as 

第 (1) 題選B。主語是 everyone，其中 men and women, old and young 為插入語；第 (2) 題選 C。he believed 為插入語；第 (3) 題選C。這是一個比較句型，if not better than是插入語，也是一個省略形式的比較句型。

五、名詞性從句分離陷阱

The news has come from the capital ________ an important meeting is to be held there.

A. where                     B. in which                      C. that                       D. which

【分析】此題很容易誤選為 A 或B，原因是錯把capital 作為先行詞，誤選 where 或 in which 在定語從句中作狀語。而事實上，從句后面已經有狀語 there。若選 D，則 which 在從句中做何成分無法認可，從而可以排除，故答案選C。實際上，這是以that引導的同位語從句，修飾名詞the news。has come from the capital 插在中間，導致了同位語從句和它所說明的詞分離，形成了干擾，使人容易誤入陷阱。

注意：有些名詞性從句與所解釋說明的詞之間會有詞組、短語、或別的結構成分，使相關的部分隔離，這種語言現象，增加了試題的難度，只有識別結構，才能化難為易。請同學們看下面類似的例子(www.hz123456.com)：

(1) Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while                         B. that                       C. when                      D. as

(2) The question came up at yesterday’s meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.

A. which                        B. if                           C. that                        D. whether

(3) The man will use what he has ________ a camera for his wife.

A. to get                         B. got                        C. had bought               D. buy

第 (1) 題的答案是B；第 (2) 題的答案為D；第 (3) 題的答案是A，此句中，what he has 是一個賓語從句，to get a camera for his wife 作目的狀語。不能把空格前的 has 和選項got 視為有聯系的意群。

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