15. It’s more than half a century _________ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.

A. when                   B. that                     C. since                   D. after

有的考生一見到句首的 it’s，再一看選項中的that，就馬上聯(lián)想到It is...that... 這樣的強調(diào)句型，并認(rèn)為被強調(diào)的成分是時間狀語 more than half a century，從而毫不猶豫地選擇了B。按照以上分析，假若這是強調(diào)句，那么若將此句還原為非強調(diào)句就應(yīng)該是The People's Republic of China was liberated (for) more than half a century. 很顯然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段時間，然而它修飾的謂語動詞 (was) liberated 卻是一個終止性動詞，按此意思則是說“解放中華人民共和國”這一動作一直持續(xù)了半個多世紀(jì)，這顯然是荒唐的。其實，此題應(yīng)選C，屬于“It is＋一段時間＋since 從句”句型，句意為“自中華人民共和國解放以來, 時間已過去半個多世紀(jì)”。此句的主句謂語也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)(has been)，但在口語中一般多用一般現(xiàn)在時代替。請再看一例：

It was ten o’clock _________ he came back home.

A. when                   B. that                      C. since                    D. after

對于此題許多同學(xué)也誤認(rèn)為是強調(diào)句型，從而誤選B。假若這是強調(diào)句，那么若將此句還原為非強調(diào)句就應(yīng)該是 He came back home ten o’clock. 此句顯然不成立，但是若在 ten o’clock 前加上一介詞 at，則完全可以，即可說 He came back home at ten o’clock.，也可說 It was at ten o’clock that he came back home. 上面一題的正解答案應(yīng)是A，即選 when，表示“當(dāng)……的時候”，句首的 it 表示時間，全句意為“當(dāng)他回到家時，時間是10點鐘。”

16. The soldiers tried their best and did what they could _________ against the flood.

A. fight                    B. to fight                C. fighting               D. fought

有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動詞 could 就斷定此處應(yīng)填動詞原形 fight，即斷定選A答案。其實選錯了，正確答案應(yīng)是B。這是一個省略句，即在 could 后省略了動詞 do，若把句子補完整應(yīng)為The soldiers tried their best and did what they could do to fight against the flood (士兵們竭盡全力抗洪)。即句中的不定式短語 (to fight against the flood) 用作目的狀語的，而不是與情態(tài)動詞(could)一起構(gòu)成謂語。請再看類似例句：

(1) He did what he could to help us. 他盡力幫助我們。

(2) He saved what he could to buy a car. 他盡量節(jié)約每一分錢以便買車。

(3) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus. 他拼命地跑以便趕上早班車。

至此，有的同學(xué)可能又會想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，今后只要遇到類似結(jié)構(gòu)的題選帶to不定式就萬事大吉了，但也不一定，例外還是有的，還得具體問題具體分析。請看下例：

(4) He ran as fast as he could _________ to catch the early bus.

A. to hope                 B. hope                     C. hoping                  D. hoped

若根據(jù)以上“經(jīng)驗”認(rèn)為此題要選A答案，那就又錯了。此題應(yīng)選 C，其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴隨狀語。

(5) He spent every minute he could _________ spoken English.

A. practise                B. to practise             C. practising             D. practised

【分析】此題應(yīng)選 C，它與以上各題的情形均有所不同，雖然與上面的第(4)題的答案一樣，均為動詞的 –ing 形式，但也不完全一樣：第(4)的 hoping 為現(xiàn)在分詞，在句中用作伴隨狀語；而此題的 practising 是動名詞，之所以用它與前面動詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若將此句補充完整，即為 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.

(6) Mr Smith made up his mind to devote all he could _________ his oral English before going abroad.

A. improve                B. to improve            C. improving             D. to improving

【分析】此題答案選D，注意兩點：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意為“把……貢獻(xiàn)給……”；二是其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動詞時要用動名詞。

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