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3. 容易出錯(cuò)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)

—Have you moved into the new house?

—Not yet. The rooms ______.

A. are being painted B. are painting         C. are painted          D. are being painting

此題選A。從句意上看, 此題應(yīng)選被動(dòng)式(這是顯然的), 同時(shí)注意：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式(這點(diǎn)容易忽視)。

在做動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)題時(shí), 同時(shí)要注意其時(shí)態(tài)形式：

You are wanted on the phone. 有人給你打電話。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

When was the building completed? 這座大樓什么時(shí)候建成?(一般過(guò)去時(shí))

You won’t be allowed to take so much luggagewith you. 不會(huì)準(zhǔn)你帶這么多行李。(一般將來(lái)時(shí))

A new railway is now being built. 一條新鐵路正在修建。(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))

The roads were being widened. 道路當(dāng)時(shí)正在加寬。(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))

Such a thing has never been heard of before. 這種事以前從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)。(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

有時(shí)被動(dòng)式動(dòng)詞可與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用：

The work must be finished at once. 這工作必須馬上完成。

The method can still be improved upon. 這方法還可以改進(jìn)。

My umbrella may have been left on the train. 我的傘可能忘在火車上了。

4. 帶雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有何規(guī)律

主動(dòng)：He answered me the question. (正)

被動(dòng)：I was answered the question by him. (正)

被動(dòng)：The question was answered me by him. (誤)

本題涉及帶雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題。這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以從三個(gè)方面去概括：

一、有些帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可以有兩種形式(即可用直接賓語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)), 這類動(dòng)詞主要的有：buy, give, lend, pay, show, teach, tell, offer, leave, award 等：

他給了她一些錢。

主動(dòng)：He gave her some money. (正)

被動(dòng)：She was given some money by him. (正)

被動(dòng)：Some money was given (to) her by him. (正)

二、有些帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，通常要用直接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞主要的有：do, make, pass, sell, sing, write 等：

他給她寫(xiě)了封信。

主動(dòng)：He wrote her a letter. (正)

被動(dòng)：A letter was written (to) her by him. (正)

被動(dòng)：She was written a letter by him. (少見(jiàn))

三、有些帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，通常要用間接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ), 這類動(dòng)詞主要的有：answer, refuse, save, spare, deny, envy 等：

他們不允許我入場(chǎng)。

主動(dòng)：They refused me admittance. (正)

被動(dòng)：I was refused admittance by them. (正)

被動(dòng)：Admittance was refused me by them. (少見(jiàn))

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