3. 容易出錯的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)

—Have you moved into the new house?

—Not yet. The rooms ______.

A. are being painted B. are painting         C. are painted          D. are being painting

此題選A。從句意上看, 此題應(yīng)選被動式(這是顯然的), 同時注意：被動語態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時形式(這點(diǎn)容易忽視)。

在做動詞的語態(tài)題時, 同時要注意其時態(tài)形式：

You are wanted on the phone. 有人給你打電話。(一般現(xiàn)在時)

When was the building completed? 這座大樓什么時候建成?(一般過去時)

You won’t be allowed to take so much luggagewith you. 不會準(zhǔn)你帶這么多行李。(一般將來時)

A new railway is now being built. 一條新鐵路正在修建。(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)

The roads were being widened. 道路當(dāng)時正在加寬。(過去進(jìn)行時)

Such a thing has never been heard of before. 這種事以前從未聽說過。(現(xiàn)在完成時)

有時被動式動詞可與情態(tài)動詞連用：

The work must be finished at once. 這工作必須馬上完成。

The method can still be improved upon. 這方法還可以改進(jìn)。

My umbrella may have been left on the train. 我的傘可能忘在火車上了。

4. 帶雙賓語動詞的被動語態(tài)有何規(guī)律

主動：He answered me the question. (正)

被動：I was answered the question by him. (正)

被動：The question was answered me by him. (誤)

本題涉及帶雙賓語動詞的被動語態(tài)問題。這個問題可以從三個方面去概括：

一、有些帶雙賓語的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時，可以有兩種形式(即可用直接賓語或間接賓語作主語), 這類動詞主要的有：buy, give, lend, pay, show, teach, tell, offer, leave, award 等：

他給了她一些錢。

主動：He gave her some money. (正)

被動：She was given some money by him. (正)

被動：Some money was given (to) her by him. (正)

二、有些帶雙賓語的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時，通常要用直接賓語作主語，這類動詞主要的有：do, make, pass, sell, sing, write 等：

他給她寫了封信。

主動：He wrote her a letter. (正)

被動：A letter was written (to) her by him. (正)

被動：She was written a letter by him. (少見)

三、有些帶雙賓語的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時，通常要用間接賓語作主語, 這類動詞主要的有：answer, refuse, save, spare, deny, envy 等：

他們不允許我入場。

主動：They refused me admittance. (正)

被動：I was refused admittance by them. (正)

被動：Admittance was refused me by them. (少見)

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