◆debt n.

1. 表示具體意義的一筆欠款或債務(wù)等，是可數(shù)名詞。如：

I owe him a debt of $100. 我欠他200美元。

If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left. 如果把所有的借款都還了，我就分文不剩了。

2. 表示抽象意義的欠款或債務(wù)，尤指無法償還的債務(wù)或欠款的狀態(tài)等，通常是不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Out of debt, out of danger. 無債一身輕。

I was poor, but I avoided debt. 我窮是窮，但還不至于借債。

It’s much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借債容易還債難。

◆decide v.

1. 表示“決定做某事”，其后要接不定式，不能接動名詞；若要接動名詞，應(yīng)先接介詞 on（但不如用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)常見）。如：

He decided to go abroad. /He decided on going abroad. 他決定出國。

注：decide on 之后還可接名詞或代詞，表示“對…作出決定”或“選定…”。如：

We have decided on Paris (=that we will go to Paris) forour next holiday. 我們已決定下次去巴黎度假。

2. 表示“決定不做某事”，可用 decide not to do 或 decide

against doing。如：

He decided not to do it. / He decided against doing it.

他決定不干這件事。

注：decide against 之后也可接名詞或代詞。如：

After talking the matter over, they decided against theplan. 經(jīng)過反復(fù)討論，他們決定不采用該計劃。

◆defence n.

1. 表示“保衛(wèi)”或“防御”，注意其后所用介詞：后接入侵者或造成危害者用介詞 against；若后接被保護者用介詞 of。比較：

A thick coat is a good defence against the cold. 一件厚衣服足可以御寒。

People used to build strong walls round their towns as adefence against enemies. 人們從前在城鎮(zhèn)四周修筑城墻來抵御敵人。

This fort was once the main defence of the island. 這座堡壘曾經(jīng)是這個島上的要主要防御設(shè)施。

2. 短語 in defence of, 意為“保衛(wèi)……”、“為……辨護”。如：

They fought in defence of their country. 他們?yōu)楸Ｐl(wèi)祖國而戰(zhàn)。

Hundreds gave their lives in defence of freedom. 千百人為了自由獻出了自己的生命。

◆defend v.

1. 表示“保衛(wèi)”，通常為及物動詞，其賓語就是被保衛(wèi)的對象。如：

They fought to defend their country. 他們?yōu)楸Ｐl(wèi)祖國而戰(zhàn)斗。

When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick. 那狗向我撲來時，我用棍子自衛(wèi)。

2. 表示“保衛(wèi)……免受或抵抗……”，用介詞from, against。如：

The wall was built to defend the road from being was washed away by the sea. 建這座堤是為了保護這條路不被海水沖跨。

Our duty is to defend the country against the enemies. 我們的職責(zé)是保衛(wèi)祖國不受敵人侵襲。

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