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同位語(yǔ)還是定語(yǔ) | |||
作者:劉青沅 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2013/1/31 |
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三、廣義上看,也可以理解為同位語(yǔ) 為了分析各類同位語(yǔ)的“變體”,《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全》在17.70節(jié)又列舉了各不同類型組合的同位語(yǔ): 部分的(partial)——只有一個(gè)成分可以省略 同位關(guān)系 微弱的(weak)——不同的句法類 限制性的(restrictive)——相同的信息單位 同時(shí)該書(shū)舉例如下: (i) FULL, STRICT, NONRESTRICTIVE 完全、嚴(yán)格、非限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: Paul Jones, the distinguished art critic, died in his sleep last night. (ii) FULL, WEAK, NONRESTRICTIVE 完全、微弱、非限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: Playing foothall, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends. (iii) FULL, STRICT, RESTRICTIVE 完全、嚴(yán)格、限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: My friend Anna was here last night. (iv) FULL, WEAK, RESTRICTIVE 完全、微弱、限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: The question whether to confess or not troubled the girl. (v) PARTIAL, STRICT, NONRESTRICTIVE 部分、嚴(yán)格、非限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: An unusual present was given to him for his birthday, a book on ethics. (vi) PARTIAL, WEAK, NONRESTRICTIVE 部分、微弱、非限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: His explanation, that he couldn’t see the car, is unsatisfactory. (vii) PARTIAL, STRICT, RESTRICTIVE 部分、嚴(yán)格、限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: Next Saturday, financial expert Tom Timber will begin writing a weekly column on the national economy. (viii) PARTIAL, WEAK, RESTRICTIVE 部分、微弱、限制性的同位語(yǔ)。如: His explanation that he couldn’t see the car was unconvincing. 我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)看看前面問(wèn)題中的句子: 為便于表述,我們指定: A= B=the first sign of long-awaited progress after a senior official had promised to modify the controversial re-education-through-labor system 對(duì)照以上說(shuō)明,我們認(rèn)為前面問(wèn)題中的句子可視為“部分、微弱、非限制性”同位語(yǔ),因?yàn)?www.hz123456.com): (i) 如果省略A,B不是一個(gè)可接受的句子;如果省略B,A是一個(gè)可接受的句子。也就是說(shuō),A和B中只能省略一個(gè),故它屬“部分同位語(yǔ)”。 (ii) A和B當(dāng)中,一個(gè)是句子,一個(gè)是名詞短語(yǔ),顯然是“不相同的句法類”,故它屬“微弱的同位語(yǔ)”。 (iii) 至于限制性與非限制性,很顯然它是非限制性。 |
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