146. hope  to want sth to happen and think that it is possible.

[v (that) ] I hope (that) you’re okay. Ç Let’s hope we can find a parking space.

[vn (that) ] It is hoped that over £10 000 will be raised.

147. hypothesize (BrE also hypothesise) (formal) to suggest a way of explaining sth when you do not definitely know about it; to form a hypothesis.

[v that] They hypothesized that citation of a paper was a correlate of its quality.

148. illustrate    to show that sth is true or that a situation exists.

[v that] The introduction and development of the use of motorcycles for health workers has proved to be very successful and has illustrated that the effectiveness of health work can be improved.

149. imagine  

(1) to form a picture in your mind of what sth might be like.

[v (that) ] Close your eyes and imagine (that) you are in a forest.   

(2) to believe sth that is not true.

[v (that) ] He’s always imagining (that) we’re talking about him behind his back. 

(3) to think that sth is probably true SYN  suppose, assume.

[v (that) ] I don’t imagine (that) they’ll refuse.

[vn that] It was imagined that like lizards it went on all fours; bones were mounted this way in museums, and at the Great Exhibition of 1851 hollow model dinosaurs were made to entertain the public.

150. imply 

(1) to suggest that sth is true or that you feel or think sth, without saying so directly.

[v (that) ] Are you implying (that) I am wrong? 

[vn that]  It was implied that we were at fault.

(2) to make it seem likely that sth is true or .

[v (that) ] The survey implies (that) more people are moving house than was thought.

[vn that] It was implied in the survey that…

151. indicate 

(1) to show that sth is true or exists.

[v that] Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast.

(2) to be a sign of sth; to show that sth is possible or likely.

[v that] Early results indicate that the government will be returned to power.

(3) to mention sth, especially in an indirect way.

[v (that) ] In his letter he indicated to us (that) he was willing to cooperate.

(4) to make sb notice sb/sth, especially by pointing or moving your head.

[v that]  She indicated that I was to sit down.

(5) to show that your vehicle is going to change direction, by using lights or your arm.

[v that] She indicated that she was turning right.

152. infer 

(1) to reach an opinion or decide that sth is true on the basis of information that is available.

[v that] It is reasonable to infer that the government knew about these deals.

(2) (non-standard) to suggest indirectly that sth is true.

[v (that) ] Are you inferring (that) I’m not capable of doing the job?

153. inform  to tell sb about sth, especially in an official way.

[vn that] I have been reliably informed (= somebody I trust has told me) that the couple will marry next year.

It did not take them long to inform us that we had arrived with their traditional enemies, the Bugis.

154. insinuate  to suggest indirectly that sth unpleasant is true.

[v that] The article insinuated that he was having an affair with his friend’s wife. 

155. insist 

(1) to demand that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth.

[v that] He insists that she come.

(BrE also) He insists that she should come.

(2) to say firmly that sth is true, especially when other people do not believe you.

[v (that) ] He insisted (that) he was innocent.

156. instruct 

(1) (formal) to tell sb to do sth, especially in a formal or official way.

[v that] He instructed that a wall be built around the city.

(BrE also) He instructed that a wall should be built around the city.

(2) [usually passive] (formal) to give sb information about sth.

[vn that] We have been instructed that a decision will not be made before the end of the week.

On the same day Churchill instructed Alexander that it was important that his forces should use no violence against Tito’s men, except in self-defence.

157. intend  to have a plan, result or purpose in your mind when you do sth.

[vn that] It is intended that production will start at the end of the month. [v that] How does the government intend that we survive?

Perhaps Celia had been right; Alan was not aware of what it meant, and she didn’t intend that he should know.

It is intended that this be jointly developed by the Council, the Police and the Region’s bus operators.

158. interject    (formal) to interrupt what sb is saying with your opinion or a remark.

[v that] Maurin interjected that he had done it for the best, that he suspected she would spread silly gossip and it was sensible to keep her away from the English journalist.

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