英語語法巨匠夸克《英語語法大全》連載(英漢對照)-01

《英語語法大全》原版書名：A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language

《英語語法大全》原版作者：Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, Jan Svartvik

說明：藍(lán)色字為語法說明原文，綠色字為語法說明的翻譯，黑色字為相關(guān)例句和翻譯

Adjectives with complementation 帶補(bǔ)足語的形容詞

7.22 Adjectives with complementation (cf 16.68ff) normally cannot have attributive position but require postposition. Compare:

※帶有補(bǔ)足語的形容詞通常（參見16.88ff）不能放在定語位置上，而是要求放在名詞的后面。試比較：

正：a suitable actor

誤：*a suitable for the part actor

The complementation can be a prepositional phrase or a to-infinitive clause:

※這種補(bǔ)足語可以是一個介詞短語，也可以是一個帶to的不定式分句：

I know an actor suitable for the part. [l]

我認(rèn)識一個適合扮演這個角色的演員。

They have a house larger than yours. [2]

他們的房子比你的大。

The boys easiest to teach were in my class. [3]

那些最容易教的男孩子是我班的。

Students brave enough to attempt the course deserve to succeed. [4]

那些敢于嘗試學(xué)這門課的學(xué)生應(yīng)該獲得成功。

The postpositive structures can of course be regarded as reduced relative clauses:

※當(dāng)然，可以把這種后置結(jié)構(gòu)看成是縮簡的關(guān)系分詞：

I know an actor who is suitable for the part. [la]

If the adjective is alone or merely premodified by an intensifier, postposition is not normally allowed:

※如果形容詞被單獨使用，或只被一個強(qiáng)化語所修飾，一般來說，這個形容詞就不能放在它所修飾的名詞后面：

*They have a house (much) larger.

*The soldiers (rather) timid approached their officer.

[1] [2] [3] [4] 下一頁