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3.that 不但可以代替關系代詞(who(m)/which)，也可以代替關系副詞(when/where/why)。

①一般地，關系代詞who(m)/which可以被that代替或省略。

例句（關系代詞被that代替，或者省略。）

●He is the man (whom/that/∅) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。

●The package (which/that/∅) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。

②當先行詞為the time/place/reason等明確表示時間/地點/原因的詞時，關系副詞when/where/why可以被that代替或省略。（這是因為，此時的代替或省略，不會產生歧義。）

例句（關系副詞被that代替，或者省略。）

●I’ll never forget the day when/that/∅ we met.我永遠也忘不了我們見面的那天。

●That is the place where/that/∅ we went before.那就是我們以前去過的地方。

●That’s the reason why/that/∅ I took it.那就是我買它的原因。

4.用that代替who(m)/which，可以防止引導詞重復。

何謂“重復”？不是單詞的重復，而是詞頭的重復。（that的詞頭是th-，與who(m)/which的詞頭是wh-。）

①前句用了“th-”，后句再用“th-”，叫重復；所以，如果前句用了“th-”，后句就不宜用“th-”，而用who(m)/which。②前句用了“wh-”，后句再用“wh-”，也叫重復。所以，如果前句用了“wh-”，后句就不宜用“wh-”，而用that。（一般地，這條規則是軟規則，不是硬規則。也就是說，盡量不要重復，但是即使重復了也不算錯。）

例句（如果前有疑問詞who(m)/which/what等，引導詞宜用that。）

●Who is the person that supports your family?

●Which is the bus that you will take?

●They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.

例句（如果先行詞是that/those時，引導詞宜用who(m)/which。）

●People all like those who(常用)/that(不常用) have good manners.

●What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?

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